Protein-Protein Interaction Network Analysis Reveals Several Diseases Highly Associated with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 20; no. 12; p. 2959
• Main Authors: Ramly, Balqis, Afiqah-Aleng, Nor, Mohamed-Hussein, Zeti-Azura
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18.06.2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Algorithms; Antigens; Biomarkers; Biosynthesis; Cell growth; Cell proliferation; Cerebrovascular diseases; Comorbidity; Computational Biology - methods; Cyclin-dependent kinases; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Disease Susceptibility; DNA methylation; Endometrial cancer; Endometrium; Female; Genes; Granulosa cells; Headache; Humans; Hypertension; Identification; Kinases; MCODE; Mental disorders; Migraine; network; Network analysis; Obesity; Ovarian cancer; pathway; PCOS; polycystic ovarian syndrome; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - etiology; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - metabolism; PPI; Protein Interaction Mapping; Protein Interaction Maps; Proteins; Ribosomal proteins; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Stem cells; subnetwork; Vascular diseases; Womens health; PCOS; MCODE; polycystic ovarian syndrome; subnetwork; PPI; pathway; network
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122959

Based on clinical observations, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are prone to developing several other diseases, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, the molecular association between PCOS and these diseases remains poorly understood. Recent studies showed that the information from protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis are useful in understanding the disease association in detail. This study utilized this approach to deepen the knowledge on the association between PCOS and other diseases. A PPI network for PCOS was constructed using PCOS-related proteins (PCOSrp) obtained from PCOSBase. MCODE was used to identify highly connected regions in the PCOS network, known as subnetworks. These subnetworks represent protein families, where their molecular information is used to explain the association between PCOS and other diseases. Fisher's exact test and comorbidity data were used to identify PCOS-disease subnetworks. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the PCOS-disease subnetworks to identify significant pathways that are highly involved in the PCOS-disease associations. Migraine, schizophrenia, depressive disorder, obesity, and hypertension, along with twelve other diseases, were identified to be highly associated with PCOS. The identification of significant pathways, such as ribosome biogenesis, antigen processing and presentation, and mitophagy, suggest their involvement in the association between PCOS and migraine, schizophrenia, and hypertension.