Histone Regulation in the CNS: Basic Principles of Epigenetic Plasticity

Postmitotic neurons are subject to a vast array of environmental influences that require the nuclear integration of intracellular signaling events to promote a wide variety of neuroplastic states associated with synaptic function, circuit formation, and behavioral memory. Over the last decade, much...

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Published inNeuropsychopharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 38; no. 1; pp. 3 - 22
Main Authors Maze, Ian, Noh, Kyung-Min, Allis, C David
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Nature Publishing Group 01.01.2013
Subjects
Animals
Biology
Central nervous system
Central Nervous System - physiology
Chromatin - physiology
Chromatin remodeling
Circuits
Drug development
Enzymes
Epigenetics
Epigenomics - methods
Epigenomics - trends
Gene expression
Histones
Histones - physiology
Humans
Integration
Intellectual disabilities
Intracellular signalling
Memory
Mutation
Nervous system
Nervous System Diseases - genetics
Nervous System Diseases - metabolism
Neurological diseases
Neurological disorders
Neuronal Plasticity - physiology
Neurons
Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews
Plasticity (behavioral)
Proteins
Psychiatry
Reviews
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United States > US
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Summary:Postmitotic neurons are subject to a vast array of environmental influences that require the nuclear integration of intracellular signaling events to promote a wide variety of neuroplastic states associated with synaptic function, circuit formation, and behavioral memory. Over the last decade, much attention has been paid to the roles of transcription and chromatin regulation in guiding fundamental aspects of neuronal function. A great deal of this work has centered on neurodevelopmental and adulthood plasticity, with increased focus in the areas of neuropharmacology and molecular psychiatry. Here, we attempt to provide a broad overview of chromatin regulation, as it relates to central nervous system (CNS) function, with specific emphasis on the modes of histone posttranslational modifications, chromatin remodeling, and histone variant exchange. Understanding the functions of chromatin in the context of the CNS will aid in the future development of pharmacological therapeutics aimed at alleviating devastating neurological disorders.
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ISSN:0893-133X
1740-634X
1740-634X
DOI:10.1038/npp.2012.124