Retrospective analyses of fox feces by real-time PCR to identify new endemic areas of Echinococcus multilocularis in France
Alveolar echinococcosis is considered to be the most serious zoonosis in the Northern Hemisphere’s cold or temperate regions. In Europe, the parasite has a sylvatic life cycle based on predator–prey interactions, mainly between red foxes and small rodents. Echinococcus multilocularis has been observ...
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Published in | Parasitology research (1987) Vol. 115; no. 11; pp. 4437 - 4441 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.11.2016
Springer Springer Nature B.V Springer Verlag (Germany) |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Alveolar echinococcosis is considered to be the most serious zoonosis in the Northern Hemisphere’s cold or temperate regions. In Europe, the parasite has a sylvatic life cycle based on predator–prey interactions, mainly between red foxes and small rodents.
Echinococcus multilocularis
has been observed to have spread across Europe over the last three decades. In France, a westward spread of the parasite’s known endemic areas has been described. In this study, a retrospective analysis of fox feces by real-time PCR was carried out in four
départements
not previously investigated and considered free along with two endemic control departments. The fox feces collected from 2000 to 2004 were analyzed by real-time PCR. Fecal prevalence in the two endemic departments of Doubs and Côte d’Or were estimated at 12 % [6.4–20.0 %] and 4.2 % [1.1–10.3 %], respectively. No positive samples were identified among the 72 feces collected in Drôme or the 112 from Allier, which is consistent with the very low expected prevalence should the parasite be present. Three positive samples were recovered in the Seine-Maritime and Hautes-Alpes
départements
, resulting in a prevalence of 3.5 % [0.7–10.0 %] and 2.5 % [0.5–7.1 %], respectively. From now on, Hautes-Alpes constitutes the new southern border of the endemic areas in France and confirms the southward expansion previously highlighted. Real-time copro-PCR proved useful in identifying new endemic areas even with low prevalence. Due to the spread of
E. multilocularis
in France and associated zoonotic risk, it is necessary to expand surveillance in order to fully define all the country’s endemic areas. On a continental scale, the development and harmonization of surveillance programs are now needed in order to obtain a global overview of the presence of
E. multilocularis
and to tailor potential countermeasures. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0932-0113 1432-1955 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00436-016-5220-1 |