The Pathomechanism, Antioxidant Biomarkers, and Treatment of Oxidative Stress-Related Eye Diseases

Oxidative stress is an important pathomechanism found in numerous ocular degenerative diseases. To provide a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance-induced ocular diseases, this article summarizes and provides updates on the relevant research. We review...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 3; p. 1255
Main Authors Hsueh, Yi-Jen, Chen, Yen-Ning, Tsao, Yu-Ting, Cheng, Chao-Min, Wu, Wei-Chi, Chen, Hung-Chi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 23.01.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Aging
Angiogenesis
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - metabolism
Apoptosis
Autophagy
Biomarkers
Cataract - pathology
Cornea
DNA damage
Enzymes
Eye - metabolism
Eye diseases
Eye Diseases - pathology
Eye Diseases - therapy
Free radicals
Gene expression
Glaucoma - pathology
Humans
Inflammation
Lens, Crystalline - metabolism
Lipid peroxidation
Lipids
Macular Degeneration - pathology
Mitochondrial DNA
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Pathogenesis
Proteins
Reactive Oxygen Species
Review
Signal transduction
Uric acid
Vascular endothelial growth factor
antioxidant biomarkers
antioxidant therapy
oxidative stress
ocular diseases
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Summary:Oxidative stress is an important pathomechanism found in numerous ocular degenerative diseases. To provide a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance-induced ocular diseases, this article summarizes and provides updates on the relevant research. We review the oxidative damage (e.g., lipid peroxidation, DNA lesions, autophagy, and apoptosis) that occurs in different areas of the eye (e.g., cornea, anterior chamber, lens, retina, and optic nerve). We then introduce the antioxidant mechanisms present in the eye, as well as the ocular diseases that occur as a result of antioxidant imbalances (e.g., keratoconus, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma), the relevant antioxidant biomarkers, and the potential of predictive diagnostics. Finally, we discuss natural antioxidant therapies for oxidative stress-related ocular diseases.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23031255