p38 MAPK in Glucose Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle: Beneficial or Harmful?

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 18; p. 6480
• Main Authors: Bengal, Eyal, Aviram, Sharon, Hayek, Tony
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 04.09.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Adaptation; Animals; Biological Transport; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Energy; energy metabolism; Enzymes; Exercise; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose - metabolism; Glucose Intolerance - metabolism; Glucose tolerance; Homeostasis; Humans; Insulin; Insulin - metabolism; Insulin resistance; Insulin Resistance - physiology; Intolerance; Kinases; Lipids; Liver; MAP kinase; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Muscle contraction; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Muscles; Musculoskeletal system; Obesity; Obesity - metabolism; Oxidation resistance; Oxidative metabolism; p38 MAPK; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - physiology; Phosphorylation; Physical fitness; Protein kinase; Proteins; Review; signal transduction; Signal Transduction - physiology; Skeletal muscle; Transcription factors; type 2 diabetes; exercise; type 2 diabetes; skeletal muscle; signal transduction; p38 MAPK; energy metabolism
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186480

Skeletal muscles respond to environmental and physiological changes by varying their size, fiber type, and metabolic properties. P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is one of several signaling pathways that drive the metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle to exercise. p38 MAPK also participates in the development of pathological traits resulting from excessive caloric intake and obesity that cause metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whereas p38 MAPK increases insulin-independent glucose uptake and oxidative metabolism in muscles during exercise, it contrastingly mediates insulin resistance and glucose intolerance during metabolic syndrome development. This article provides an overview of the apparent contradicting roles of p38 MAPK in the adaptation of skeletal muscles to exercise and to pathological conditions leading to glucose intolerance and T2D. Here, we focus on the involvement of p38 MAPK in glucose metabolism of skeletal muscle, and discuss the possibility of targeting this pathway to prevent the development of T2D.