Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of extracellular vesicles

During the past two decades, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as important mediators of intercellular communication, enabling the functional transfer of bioactive molecules from one cell to another. Consequently, it is becoming increasingly clear that these vesicles are involved in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of controlled release Vol. 244; no. Pt B; pp. 167 - 183
Main Authors Stremersch, Stephan, De Smedt, Stefaan C., Raemdonck, Koen
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 28.12.2016
Subjects
Animals
Biomarker
Biomarkers
Diagnostics
Drug delivery
Drug Delivery Systems
Exosomes
Extracellular Vesicles
Humans
Vaccination
Extracellular vesicles
Biomarker
Drug delivery
Diagnostics
Exosomes
Vaccination
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Summary:During the past two decades, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as important mediators of intercellular communication, enabling the functional transfer of bioactive molecules from one cell to another. Consequently, it is becoming increasingly clear that these vesicles are involved in many (patho)physiological processes, providing opportunities for therapeutic applications. Moreover, it is known that the molecular composition of EVs reflects the physiological status of the producing cell and tissue, rationalizing their exploitation as biomarkers in various diseases. In this review the composition, biogenesis and diversity of EVs is discussed in a therapeutic and diagnostic context. We describe emerging therapeutic applications, including the use of EVs as drug delivery vehicles and as cell-free vaccines, and reflect on future challenges for clinical translation. Finally, we discuss the use of EVs as a biomarker source and highlight recent studies and clinical successes. [Display omitted]
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:0168-3659
1873-4995
DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.054