Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from selected Apulia coastal sites evaluated by GC-HRMS

• Published in: Journal of mass spectrometry Vol. 45; no. 9; pp. 1046 - 1055
• Main Authors: Bianco, Giuliana, Novario, Giuseppe, Anzilotta, Giuseppe, Palma, Achille, Mangone, Annarosa, Cataldi, Tommaso R.I
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.09.2010; Wiley
• Subjects: Animals; Apulia; Aquaculture; Biological and medical sciences; Cluster Analysis; Concentration (composition); Congeners; Ethers; Farms; Fish and seafood industries; Food industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; gas chromatography; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers - analysis; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers - chemistry; high-resolution mass spectrometry; Marine; Mass spectrometry; Mediterranean Sea; Mussels; Mytilus - chemistry; Mytilus galloprovincialis; organic pollutants; polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs); Principal Component Analysis; Sensitivity and Specificity; Solvent extraction; Water Pollution, Chemical; Italy; Apulia; Europe; Mediterranean Sea; MED, Italy, Puglia, Lecce, Salento; MED, Italy; MED, Italy, Apulia; MED, Adriatic Sea; MED, Ionian Sea; high-resolution mass spectrometry; polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs); Chemical analysis; Mussel; Coupled method; Flame retardant; Solvent extraction; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Contamination; organic pollutants; Operating conditions; Gas chromatography; Pollutant; Apulia; Pressure effect; Sample preparation; Bivalvia; Residue; Bromine Organic compounds; Invertebrata; Mollusca; Mass spectrometry; Quantitative analysis; Aquaculture
• ISSN: 1076-5174; 1096-9888; 1096-9888
• DOI: 10.1002/jms.1799

Samples of Mytilus galloprovincialis were examined to investigate the levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the Apulia's marine environment, a region in the South of Italy. The levels of nine PBDE congeners were measured in 40 mussel samples taken from the aquaculture farms in the South of Adriatic Sea and North Ionian Sea along the Apulia coast. While accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) was the extraction technique adopted using acetone/n-hexane (1:1, v/v), the content of PBDEs was evaluated by using gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) via electron ionization (EI) in the multiple ion monitoring (MIM) mode (two ions for each compound). The ¹³C mass-labeled compounds were used to establish the levels of PBDEs in M. galloprovincialis samples. The total concentration of PBDEs (ΣPBDEs) ranged from 0.2 to 6.9 ng/g dry mass, with the highest concentrations found around coastal areas of Salento. With regard to the composition of PBDE congeners, BDE-47, BDE-99 and BDE-100 were the predominant congeners in most of the samples. The present study is the first to report levels of PBDEs occurring in aquatic organisms living in aquaculture farms of Apulia region. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.