Cellular Integration and Vascularisation Promoted by a Resorbable, Particulate-Leached, Cross-Linked Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffold

• Published in: Macromolecular bioscience Vol. 11; no. 5; pp. 618 - 627
• Main Authors: Baker, Simon C., Rohman, Geraldine, Hinley, Jennifer, Stahlschmidt, Jens, Cameron, Neil R., Southgate, Jennifer
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim WILEY-VCH Verlag 12.05.2011; WILEY‐VCH Verlag; Wiley-VCH; Wiley-VCH Verlag
• Subjects: Animals; Antigens; Antigens, CD - metabolism; Applied sciences; Beads; Biological and medical sciences; biomaterials; CD163; CD68; Cell Line; Cell Movement; Collagen Type I - metabolism; Cross-Linking Reagents - chemistry; Crosslinking; Cyanates - chemistry; Exact sciences and technology; Fibronectins - metabolism; Guided Tissue Regeneration; Humans; Implants, Experimental; Infiltration; Isocyanates; Leaching; macrophages; Medical sciences; Microfracture; Microspheres; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Organic polymers; Paraffin; Physicochemistry of polymers; Polycondensation; polyesters; Polyesters - chemistry; Porosity; Preparation, kinetics, thermodynamics, mechanism and catalysts; Rats; Scaffolds; Specific Gravity; Stromal Cells - physiology; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments; Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry; Biological properties; Rat; Paraffin; Property processing relationship; Density; Porous material; Polyaddition; Vascularization; Pore size; Esterurethane polymer; Aliphatic polymer; Cell adhesion; Crosslinked polymer; Biocompatibility; Biomaterial; Stromal cell; Framework; Tissue engineering; Subcutaneous; Rodentia; Inflammation; Experimental study; Dimension spectrum; In vitro; Structure processing relationship; In vivo; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Animal; Morphology; Preparation; HEMOGLOBIN; MATRIX; CELLS; CD163; polyesters; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CD163; macrophages; IN-VITRO; FOAM; DEGRADATION; FABRICATION; biomaterials; MACROPHAGE PHENOTYPE; CD68
• ISSN: 1616-5187; 1616-5195; 1616-5195
• DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000415

Flexible, strong scaffolds were created by crosslinking PCL with 1,6‐hexamethylenediisocyanate, using paraffin beads as a porogen. Particulate leaching generated homogeneous scaffolds with interconnected spherical pores of 5–200 µm. Subcutaneous implantation in rats for 3 months resulted in minimal scaffold resorption and a non‐inflammatory regenerative host response, with complete infiltration by alternatively‐activated CD68+ macrophages. In addition, scaffolds were populated extensively along microfractures by a stromal matrix, which was highly vascularised and contained a subset of stromal cells that expressed the anti‐inflammatory CD163 antigen. Such microfractures may be an important physical feature for directing stromal integration and vascularisation events. Particulate‐leached, diisocyanate‐crosslinked PCL scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously into rats for 3 months. A section stained with van Gieson highlights the developing tissue structure showing widespread stromal cell and macrophage infiltration, matrix deposition and vascularisation within the scaffold.