A longitudinal study of calcium regulation in a nonhuman primate model of parenteral nutrition

• Published in: The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 67; no. 2; pp. 246 - 254
• Main Author: Lipkin, EW
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Elsevier Inc 01.02.1998; American Society for Clinical Nutrition; American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc
• Subjects: 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; ABSORPTION; Administration, Oral; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; ANIMAL MODELS; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; BLOOD PLASMA; BLOOD SERUM; BODY WEIGHT; Bone Diseases, Metabolic - etiology; CALCITRIOL; CALCIUM; Calcium - blood; Calcium - metabolism; Calcium - urine; DIGESTIVE ABSORPTION; Disease Models, Animal; Emergency and intensive care: metabolism and nutrition disorders. Enteral and parenteral nutrition; EXCRETION; HORMONES; Humans; HYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROLS; HYDROXYPROLINE; Infusions, Intravenous; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR; Intensive care medicine; INTESTINAL ABSORPTION; KIDNEYS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Medical research; Medical sciences; MINERAL ABSORPTION; NITROGEN BALANCE; NITROGEN METABOLISM; NUTRIENT BALANCE; NUTRIENT INTAKE; Nutrition; NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; PARATHYRIN; parathyroid hormone; Parathyroid Hormone - blood; PARENTERAL FEEDING; Parenteral Nutrition, Total - adverse effects; PEPTIDES; PHOSPHORUS; Phosphorus - urine; PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS; Primates; renal function; SODIUM; Sodium - urine; STEROLS; TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION; URINE; VITAMIN D; Animal model; Vertebrata; Regulation(control); Mammalia; Renal function; Calcium; Nutrition; Parathyroid hormone; Monkey; Primates; Parenteral administration
• ISSN: 0002-9165; 1938-3207
• DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/67.2.246

The question of whether parenteral nutrition adversely affects calcium regulation remains unclear. Human studies of this question have been confounded by uncontrolled variables including the degree to which food is ingested orally; gut absorption; underlying disease; medication adversely affecting bone, including steroids; and aluminum contamination of parenteral nutrients. The present study was undertaken to examine whether parenteral nutrition adversely affects calcium regulation in a nonhuman primate model that allows for control of underlying clinical variables and mobility. With use of this model, it was possible to show weight maintenance and positive nitrogen and calcium balances with parenteral nutrition. There was no demonstrable effect of the animals' wearing a jacket and tether system or of catheterization on calcium regulation. Calciuria in response to parenteral nutrition was elevated initially but diminished by 2 wk of therapy. The calciuria observed resulted from an increased urine-filtered calcium load. Calcium balance with parenteral nutrition was preserved by a diminished fraction of calcium filtered by the kidney being excreted in the urine. The present study suggests that negative calcium balance produced by parenteral nutrition may result from abnormal renal tubular function or disruption of normal parathyroid hormone regulation.