Irritant dermatitis, irritancy and its role in allergic contact dermatitis
Summary Irritant contact dermatitis is the clinical result of sufficient inflammation arising from release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines from skin cells (principally keratinocytes) in response to (usually) chemical stimuli. Different clinical forms may arise. The three main pathophysiological change...
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Published in | Clinical and experimental dermatology Vol. 27; no. 2; pp. 138 - 146 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science Ltd
01.03.2002
Blackwell Oxford University Press |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Summary Irritant contact dermatitis is the clinical result of sufficient inflammation arising from release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines from skin cells (principally keratinocytes) in response to (usually) chemical stimuli. Different clinical forms may arise. The three main pathophysiological changes seen are skin barrier disruption, epidermal cellular changes and cytokine release. An important role of irritancy in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) comes from earlier animal and human studies. Evidence is outlined which is consistent with a ‘danger model’ of ACD rather than one based on a traditional ‘self–nonself’ immune model. In such a model an antigenic signal will produce sensitization only in the presence of a danger signal; in the absence of a danger signal tolerance will occur. We propose that the danger signal in ACD is cytokine release from nonimmune skin cells (principally keratinocytes) and that both the antigenic and ‘danger’ signals arises from the hapten. |
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Bibliography: | istex:292CC5952C49400349890F353A0B730E111AEDE6 ArticleID:CED0997 ark:/67375/WNG-9TDT51JJ-4 |
ISSN: | 0307-6938 1365-2230 |
DOI: | 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2002.00997.x |