S-layers as patterning elements for application in nanobiotechnology

• Published in: Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol. 5; no. 12; p. 1939
• Main Authors: Sára, Margit, Pum, Dietmar, Schuster, Bernhard, Sleytr, Uwe B
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.12.2005
• Subjects: Bacterial Proteins - chemistry; Biopolymers - chemistry; Biotechnology; Cell Wall - chemistry; Crystallization; Lipids - chemistry; Membrane Proteins - chemistry; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Molecular Mimicry; Molecular Structure; Nanotechnology
• ISSN: 1533-4880
• DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2005.502

Two-dimensional bacterial cell surface layer protein crystals (S-layers) are the most commonly observed cell surface structure in bacteria and archaea. Isolated S-layer proteins have the intrinsic tendency to self-assemble into crystalline arrays in suspension and on various interfaces. Basic research on the structure, genetics, chemistry, morphogenesis and function of S-layers has led to a broad spectrum of applications in nanotechnology and biomimetics. The possibility to change the properties of S-layer proteins by genetic engineering opens new ways for tuning their functional and structural features. Functionalized S-layer proteins that maintain their ability to self-assemble have led to new affinity matrices, diagnostic tools, vaccines or biocompatible surfaces, as well as to biological templating or specific biomineralisation strategies at surfaces.