Recapitulation of pathophysiological features of AD in SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects

Infection with the etiological agent of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, appears capable of impacting cognition in some patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). To evaluate neuropathophysiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we examine transcriptional and cellular signatures in the Bro...

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Published ineLife Vol. 12
Main Authors Griggs, Elizabeth, Trageser, Kyle, Naughton, Sean, Yang, Eun-Jeong, Mathew, Brian, Van Hyfte, Grace, Hellmers, Linh, Jette, Nathalie, Estill, Molly, Shen, Li, Fischer, Tracy, Pasinetti, Giulio Maria
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 07.07.2023
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Subjects
Age
Alzheimer Disease
Alzheimer's disease
Blood-Brain Barrier
Brodmann's area
Cognition
Complications
Cortex (frontal)
COVID-19
Decision making
Disease Progression
Gene expression
Hippocampus
Humans
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1a
Infections
Inflammation
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuropathology
Neuroscience
post acute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
SARS-CoV-2
post acute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2
Alzheimer's disease
human
neuroscience
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Summary:Infection with the etiological agent of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, appears capable of impacting cognition in some patients with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). To evaluate neuropathophysiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we examine transcriptional and cellular signatures in the Brodmann area 9 (BA9) of the frontal cortex and the hippocampal formation (HF) in SARS-CoV-2, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and SARS-CoV-2-infected AD individuals compared to age- and gender-matched neurological cases. Here, we show similar alterations of neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier integrity in SARS-CoV-2, AD, and SARS-CoV-2-infected AD individuals. Distribution of microglial changes reflected by the increase in Iba-1 reveals nodular morphological alterations in SARS-CoV-2-infected AD individuals. Similarly, HIF-1α is significantly upregulated in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the same brain regions regardless of AD status. The finding may help in informing decision-making regarding therapeutic treatments in patients with neuro-PASC, especially those at increased risk of developing AD.
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ISSN:2050-084X
2050-084X
DOI:10.7554/eLife.86333