Biodiversity response to intensive biomass production from forest thinning in North American forests – A meta-analysis

• Published in: Forest ecology and management Vol. 261; no. 2; pp. 221 - 232
• Main Authors: Verschuyl, Jake, Riffell, Sam, Miller, Darren, Wigley, T. Bently
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier B.V 15.01.2011; [Amsterdam]: Elsevier Science; Elsevier
• Subjects: Abundance; Alternative energy sources; amphibians; Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Biodiversity; biogeochemical cycles; Biological and medical sciences; Biomass; Biomass harvest; Birds; botanical composition; Diversity; fire hazard reduction; Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration; forest thinning; Forestry; Forests; Fuels-treatment; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; geographical variation; Invertebrates; literature reviews; mammals; Meta-analysis; plant nutrition; Reptiles; Richness; silvicultural practices; slash; soil fertility; spatial variation; Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration; Synecology; Terrestrial ecosystems; Thinning; wild birds; wildlife; North America; America; Richness; Biomass harvest; Thinning; Fuels-treatment; Diversity; Meta-analysis; Forest ecology; Production forests; Biomass; Biodiversity; Metaanalysis; Response; Fuel; Forestry; Production; Forest thinning
• ISSN: 0378-1127; 1872-7042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.10.010

▶ Thinning has generally positive or neutral effects on diversity and abundance of all taxa. ▶ Thinning intensity and biophysical setting will play a role in determining wildlife response. ▶ More research is needed on the effects of thinning on reptiles, amphibians and invertebrates. ▶ Manipulative experiments designed to test biodiversity responses to biomass removal are needed. Demand for alternative energy sources has led to increased interest in intensive biomass production. When applied across a broad spatial extent, intensive biomass production in forests, which support a large proportion of biodiversity, may alter species composition, nutrient cycling and subsequently biodiversity. Because forest thinning and fuels treatment thinning are viewed as possible wide-spread biomass harvest options, it is important to understand what is known about forest biodiversity response to these practices and what additional information is needed by forest managers and policymakers. Therefore, we summarized documented relationships between forest thinning treatments and forest biodiversity from 505 biodiversity effect sizes (incl. taxa and guild abundance and species richness measures) from 33 studies conducted across North America. We used meta-analysis to summarize biodiversity response by region, taxa and harvest treatments. Biodiversity responses included species richness, diversity, abundance of taxa or groups of species (guilds) and abundance of individual species for birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates. Forest thinning treatments had generally positive or neutral effects on diversity and abundance across all taxa, although thinning intensity and the type of thinning conducted may at least partially drive the magnitude of response. Our review highlights the need for more research to determine effects of thinning on amphibians and reptiles and manipulative experiments designed to test the effects of biomass removal on biodiversity.