CC and C chemokine expression in pulmonary sarcoidosis

• Published in: The European respiratory journal Vol. 20; no. 5; pp. 1206 - 1212
• Main Authors: Petrek, M, Kolek, V, Szotkowska, J, du Bois, R.M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Leeds Eur Respiratory Soc 01.11.2002; Maney
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - chemistry; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - cytology; Chemokine CCL2 - genetics; Chemokine CCL2 - metabolism; Chemokine CCL3; Chemokine CCL4; Chemokine CCL5 - genetics; Chemokine CCL5 - metabolism; Chemokines, C - genetics; Chemokines, C - metabolism; Chemokines, CC - genetics; Chemokines, CC - metabolism; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins - genetics; Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger - analysis; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary - metabolism; Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis; Human; Lung disease; C chemokine; Pathophysiology; Sarcoidosis; Respiratory disease; RANTES; Exploration; CC chemokine; Gene expression; Macrophage inflammatory protein 1; Bronchopulmonary; Bronchoalveolar lavage; Systemic disease; Bronchus disease; Evolution; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
• ISSN: 0903-1936; 1399-3003
• DOI: 10.1183/09031936.02.00289902

The chemokines RANTES (regulated on activation, T-cell expressed and secreted; CC chemokine ligand (CCL)-5) and monocyte inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha (CCL-3) have been implicated in the development of alveolitis in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The novel C chemokine single cysteine motif (SCM)-1alpha (XCL-1) and the CC chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (CCL-2) are also mononuclear-cell attractants and represent alternative candidate mediators of alveolitis. Therefore, the expression of MCP-1 and SCM-1alpha was investigated together with the expression of RANTES and MIP-1alpha in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from control subjects and patients with sarcoidosis. The relationship between chemokine expression and sarcoidosis clinical course was also explored. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression for all four chemokines was determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of RNA extracted from unseparated bronchoalveolar cells (17 patients, 12 controls). RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MCP-1 proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of unconcentrated BALF (60 patients, 17 controls). MCP-1, and namely RANTES and SCM-1alpha mRNA expression was upregulated in sarcoidosis, particularly in patients with more advanced disease. RANTES, and namely MCP-1 concentrations were elevated in BALF samples obtained from patients; MCP-1 levels were most increased in patients with chest radiographic stage 2 disease and also in patients with persistent and recurrent disease. In conclusion, chemokines monocyte chemotactive protein-1 and single cysteine motif-1alpha are, in addition to RANTES, associated with the development of alveolitis in sarcoidosis and their expression parallels the disease course.