Inhibition of miR‐188‐5p alleviates hepatic fibrosis by significantly reducing the activation and proliferation of HSCs through PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway

• Published in: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Vol. 25; no. 8; pp. 4073 - 4087
• Main Authors: Riaz, Farooq, Chen, Qian, Lu, Kaikai, Osoro, Ezra Kombo, Wu, Litao, Feng, Lina, Zhao, Rong, Yang, Luyun, Zhou, Yimeng, He, Yingli, Zhu, Li, Du, Xiaojuan, Sadiq, Muhammad, Yang, Xudong, Li, Dongmin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.04.2021; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AKT pathway; AKT protein; Animal models; Animals; Bile; Biopsy; Carbon tetrachloride; CCL4 protein; Cytokines; Fatty liver; Fibrosis; Gene expression; hepatic fibrosis; hepatic stellate cell; Hepatocytes; High fat diet; Inflammation; Investigations; Liver cirrhosis; Liver diseases; MicroRNAs; Mimicry; miRNA; MiR‐188‐5p; non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease; non‐coding RNA; Original; PTEN; PTEN protein; Statistical analysis; Stellate cells; Tensin; Transforming growth factor-b1; MiR-188-5p; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; non-coding RNA; AKT pathway; PTEN; hepatic stellate cell; hepatic fibrosis
• ISSN: 1582-1838; 1582-4934
• DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16376

Persistent hepatic damage and chronic inflammation in liver activate the quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and cause hepatic fibrosis (HF). Several microRNAs regulate the activation and proliferation of HSCs, thereby playing a critical role in HF progression. Previous studies have reported that miR‐188‐5p is dysregulated during the process of HF. However, the role of miR‐188‐5p in HF remains unclear. This study investigated the potential role of miR‐188‐5p in HSCs and HF. Firstly, we validated the miR‐188‐5p expression in primary cells isolated from liver of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced mice, TGF‐β1‐induced LX‐2 cells, livers from 6‐month high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced rat and 4‐month HFD‐induced mice NASH models, and human non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. Furthermore, we used miR‐188‐5p inhibitors to investigate the therapeutic effects of miR‐188‐5p inhibition in the HFD + CCl4 induced in vivo model and the potential role of miR‐188‐5p in the activation and proliferation of HSCs. This present study reported that miR‐188‐5p expression is significantly increased in the human NAFLD, HSCs isolated from liver of CCl4 induced mice, and in vitro and in vivo models of HF. Mimicking the miR‐188‐5p resulted in the up‐regulation of HSC activation and proliferation by directly targeting the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Moreover, inhibition of miR‐188‐5p reduced the activation and proliferation markers of HSCs through PTEN/AKT pathway. Additionally, in vivo inhibition of miR‐188‐5p suppressed the HF parameters, pro‐fibrotic and pro‐inflammatory genes, and fibrosis. Collectively, our results uncover the pro‐fibrotic role of miR‐188‐5p. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR‐188‐5p inhibition decreases the severity of HF by reducing the activation and proliferation of HSCs through PTEN/AKT pathway.