Assessment of photodynamic therapy with annatto and led for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children: Randomized controlled clinical trial
To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of [gr...
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| Published in | PloS one Vol. 19; no. 9; p. e0307957 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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03.09.2024
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| Abstract | To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of [greater than or equal to] 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert[TM] (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used. A significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. |
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| AbstractList | Objective To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. Materials and methods Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of [greater than or equal to] 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert[TM] (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used. Results A significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue. Conclusion Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of [greater than or equal to] 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert[TM] (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used. A significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.OBJECTIVETo assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of ≥ 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert™ (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used.MATERIALS AND METHODSFifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of ≥ 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert™ (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used.A significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p < 0.05) in both groups, suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed treatments. No significant difference was found between the post-treatment reading and two follow-up readings, suggesting the maintenance of the effect of treatment over time (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue.RESULTSA significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p < 0.05) in both groups, suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed treatments. No significant difference was found between the post-treatment reading and two follow-up readings, suggesting the maintenance of the effect of treatment over time (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue.Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.CONCLUSIONAntimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. Objective To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. Materials and methods Fifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of ≥ 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert™ (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used. Results A significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p < 0.05) in both groups, suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed treatments. No significant difference was found between the post-treatment reading and two follow-up readings, suggesting the maintenance of the effect of treatment over time (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue. Conclusion Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children.Materials and methodsFifty-two children six to twelve years of age with diagnoses of mouth breathing and halitosis (score of ≥ 3 on portable breath meter) Breath Alert™ (Tanita Corporation®-Japan), were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 26). Group 1: brushing, dental floss and aPDT applied to middle third of the dorsum of the tongue. Group 2: brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper. Breath meter results before, immediately after treatment as well as seven and 30 days after treatment were compared. The hypothesis of normality in the data was discarded by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p < 0.05) and for statistical analysis the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used.ResultsA significant difference was found between the pre-treatment reading and all other readings (p < 0.05) in both groups, suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed treatments. No significant difference was found between the post-treatment reading and two follow-up readings, suggesting the maintenance of the effect of treatment over time (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found between groups for all post-treatment assessments (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons), indicating greater effectiveness with aPDT. No association was found between the initial reading and the presence of coated tongue.ConclusionAntimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto and blue LED proved to be a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Gallo, Juliana Maria Altavista Sagretti Leal Gonçalves, Marcela Leticia Ferrari, Raquel Agnelli Mesquita Horliana, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Santos Fernandes, Kristianne Porta Sobral, Ana Paula Taboada Bruno, Laura Hermida Santos, Elaine Marcilio Kalil Bussadori, Sandra Motta, Pamella de Barros Fossati, Ana Laura Mandetta, Amanda Rafaelly Honório Deana, Alessandro Melo Motta, Lara Jansiski |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Universidad Católica del Uruguay (UCU), Montevideo, Uruguay 5 Postgraduation Program in Veterinary Medicine in the Coastal Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil 1 Postgraduation Program in Biophotonic Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil University of Catania: Universita degli Studi di Catania, ITALY 4 School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil 3 Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil – name: 2 Universidad Católica del Uruguay (UCU), Montevideo, Uruguay – name: 5 Postgraduation Program in Veterinary Medicine in the Coastal Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil – name: University of Catania: Universita degli Studi di Catania, ITALY – name: 3 Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil – name: 1 Postgraduation Program in Biophotonic Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Bruno, Laura Hermida – sequence: 2 fullname: Mandetta, Amanda Rafaelly Honório – sequence: 3 fullname: Sobral, Ana Paula Taboada – sequence: 4 fullname: Leal Gonçalves, Marcela Leticia – sequence: 5 fullname: Santos, Elaine Marcilio – sequence: 6 fullname: Fossati, Ana Laura – sequence: 7 fullname: Gallo, Juliana Maria Altavista Sagretti – sequence: 8 fullname: Motta, Pamella de Barros – sequence: 9 fullname: Deana, Alessandro Melo – sequence: 10 fullname: Horliana, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini – sequence: 11 fullname: Motta, Lara Jansiski – sequence: 12 fullname: Ferrari, Raquel Agnelli Mesquita – sequence: 13 fullname: Santos Fernandes, Kristianne Porta – sequence: 14 fullname: Kalil Bussadori, Sandra |
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| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0307957 |
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| Snippet | Objective To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the... To assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment of... ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) employing an annatto-based (20%) dye combined with blue LED for the treatment... |
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| SubjectTerms | Annatto Bacteria Biology and Life Sciences Breath, Offensive Brushing Cancer Care and treatment Children Clinical trials Demographic aspects Dental floss Diagnosis Effectiveness Halitosis Health aspects Medicine and Health Sciences Metabolism Mouth Normality Nose Off odor Patient outcomes People and Places Photochemotherapy Photodynamic therapy Physical Sciences Statistical analysis Tongue |
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| Title | Assessment of photodynamic therapy with annatto and led for the treatment of halitosis in mouth-breathing children: Randomized controlled clinical trial |
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