Impact of varicella vaccination in Argentina: Seroprevalence in children and adults in a pediatric hospital
Varicella is the primary infection caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV). In Argentina, the varicella vaccine was introduced in the National Immunization Programme in 2015 as a single dose scheduled at 15 months of age. To estimate VZV seroprevalence in a healthy hospital based population before an...
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Published in | Vaccine: X Vol. 10; p. 100136 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.04.2022
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Varicella is the primary infection caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV). In Argentina, the varicella vaccine was introduced in the National Immunization Programme in 2015 as a single dose scheduled at 15 months of age.
To estimate VZV seroprevalence in a healthy hospital based population before and after vaccine introduction to the NIP.
Cross-sectional, observational, analytic study. Healthy subjects 1–40 years of age were included between June and December 2019 and tested for VZV-antibodies. Results were compared to data from a similar prevaccination study.
Out of 599 samples, 11 indeterminate results were excluded, 424 were positive; overall seroprevalence rate was 72.1% (95 %CI = 68,3–75,8%). No differences were observed between pre and post vaccination studies for overall prevalence or between age groups, except for vaccinated children aged 11–15 (p = 0,005). Rates increased in both periods in subjects aged 6 years or older. Primary vaccine failures were 21%; in subjects <5 years 83% seropositive cases had been vaccinated, in >5 year-olds >90% seropositive cases were associated with a history of infection (OR: 10,4; IC95%: 6,4–16,8; p < 0,001) or household contact (OR:4,8; IC95%: 3,1–7,6; p < 0,001). Vaccination protected against disease (OR: 0.25; 95 %CI: 0.09–0.68; p = 0.004).
seroprevalence was high in all age groups except in unvaccinated 12 to 15-month infants. Seropositivity was due to vaccination in 15 months to 5 year-old children and to infection in older children. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 2590-1362 2590-1362 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jvacx.2021.100136 |