Cardiac adaptation to chronic high-altitude hypoxia: Beneficial and adverse effects

• Published in: Respiratory physiology & neurobiology Vol. 158; no. 2; pp. 224 - 236
• Main Authors: Ostadal, B, Kolar, F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 30.09.2007
• Subjects: Acclimatization - physiology; Adaptation; Age; Age Factors; Altitude; Animals; Atmospheric Pressure; Chronic Disease; Heart; High-altitude hypoxia; Hypertrophy; Hypoxia - complications; Hypoxia - metabolism; Intermittent; Ischemia - etiology; Ischemia - metabolism; Medical Education; Molecular mechanisms; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury - etiology; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury - metabolism; Myocardium - metabolism; Oxygen - blood; Permanent; Protection; Pulmonary/Respiratory; Reversibility; Heart; Permanent; Intermittent; Molecular mechanisms; Reversibility; High-altitude hypoxia; Protection; Age; Adaptation; Hypertrophy
• ISSN: 1569-9048; 1878-1519
• DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2007.03.005

Abstract This review deals with the capability of the heart to adapt to chronic hypoxia in animals exposed to either natural or simulated high altitude. From the broad spectrum of related issues, we focused on the development and reversibility of both beneficial and adverse adaptive myocardial changes. Particular attention was paid to cardioprotective effects of adaptation to chronic high-altitude hypoxia and their molecular mechanisms. Moreover, interspecies and age differences in the cardiac sensitivity to hypoxia-induced effects in various experimental models were emphasized.