Clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality of patients with COVID-19 in a large data set from Mexico

• Published in: Annals of epidemiology Vol. 52; pp. 93 - 98.e2
• Main Authors: Parra-Bracamonte, Gaspar Manuel, Lopez-Villalobos, Nicolas, Parra-Bracamonte, Francisco E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.12.2020
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asthma - epidemiology; Betacoronavirus - isolation & purification; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Coronavirus Infections - diagnosis; Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology; Coronavirus Infections - mortality; COVID-19; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Diabetes Mellitus - mortality; Humans; Hypertension - epidemiology; Immunocompromised Host; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Mexico; Mexico - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Obesity - epidemiology; Odds ratio; Original; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology; Prevalence; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2; Sex Factors; Smoking - epidemiology; Survival probability; Young Adult; Mexico; Mexico; Odds ratio; SARS-CoV-2; Survival probability; Comorbidity
• ISSN: 1047-2797; 1873-2585
• DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.08.005

The purpose of this study was to assess clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from Mexico, given that it currently is in active community transmission. Multivariate logistic regression model and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were fitted to study odds of death of characteristics and comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 in Mexico. Age, sex, and the most frequent comorbidities diabetes, obesity, and hypertension were significantly associated to the risk of death by COVID-19 (P < .0001). Smoking habit was not identified as a risk factor for death. Less-frequent comorbidities such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, and patients with immunosuppressed conditions also showed a significant risk for death (P < .0001). Hospitalized patients and those with pneumonia had serious risks for mortality (P < .0001), and more attention to specific conditions might be considered during clinical admission. A more vulnerable positive patient is depicted by a male patient, older than 41 years, which increases their risk with more prevalent comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Some implications on outcomes are discussed.