A meal rich in palm oil or butter modifies the sphingolipid profile of postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from type 2 diabetic women

• Published in: Biochimie Vol. 203; pp. 11 - 19
• Main Authors: Boulet, Marie Michèle, Calzada, Catherine, Pettazzoni, Magali, Lelekov-Boissard, Taïssia, Buisson, Charline, Di Filippo, Mathilde, Durand, Annie, Lambert-Porcheron, Stéphanie, Nazare, Julie-Anne, Moulin, Philippe, Michalski, Marie-Caroline, Cheillan, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier B.V 01.12.2022; Elsevier
• Subjects: biomarkers; breakfast; Butter; cardiovascular diseases; Ceramides; Chylomicrons; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dietary lipids; disease occurrence; fasting; Female; gangliosides; hazelnuts; Humans; Life Sciences; lipid composition; Lipoproteins; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; Palm Oil; palm oils; Sphingolipids; Tandem mass spectrometry; Triglycerides - chemistry; Type 2 diabetes; ultracentrifugation; Type 2 diabetes; Tandem mass spectrometry; CE; Spho; T2D; SPC; Chylomicrons; CM; Palm Nut; TGRL; GM3; Cer; Spha; S1P; TG; Ceramides; Dietary lipids; SM; PL; SP; triglyceride-rich lipoproteins ceramides; type 2 diabetes; dietary lipids; tandem mass spectrometry; sphingolipids; sphingomyelins; hazelnut-cocoa palm oil spread; chylomicrons; ceramides
• ISSN: 0300-9084; 1638-6183; 1638-6183
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.07.003

Elevated concentrations of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) in the fasting and postprandial states are risk factors for cardiovascular events, especially in type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D modifies the lipid composition of plasma and lipoproteins and some sphingolipids (SP) have been validated as potent predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular disease occurrence. The main objectives of the present study were to characterize the plasma SP profile in fasting T2D patients and to determine whether SP are modified in postprandial TGRL from these patients compared to fasting TGRL. In a randomized parallel-group study, 30 T2D women ingested a breakfast including 20g lipids from either hazelnut cocoa palm oil-rich spread (Palm Nut) or Butter. Plasma was collected and TGRL were isolated by ultracentrifugation at fasting and 4h after the meal. Fasting samples of 6 control subjects from another cohort were analyzed for comparison. SP were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma from fasting T2D patients had higher ceramide (Cer) and ganglioside GM3 concentrations, and lower concentrations of sphingosylphosphorylcholine vs healthy subjects. In postprandial TGRL from T2D patients compared to those in the fasting state, Cer concentrations and especially C16:0, C24:1 and C24:0 molecular species, increased after the Palm Nut or Butter breakfast. A positive correlation was observed in the Palm Nut group between changes (Δ4h-fasting) of summed C16:0+C22:0+C24:1+C24:0 Cer concentrations in TGRL, and changes in plasma TG, TGRL-TG and TGRL-C16:0 concentrations. Altogether in T2D, the altered profile of plasma SP and the increased Cer concentrations in postprandial TGRL could contribute to the increased atherogenicity of TGRL. [Display omitted] •Elevated postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) and triglycerides are risk factors for cardiovascular disease.•Some plasma sphingolipids are bioactive lipid mediators in type 2 diabetes (T2D).•Higher concentrations of ceramides (Cer) and ganglioside GM3 in fasting T2D women.•A fat-rich meal increased Cer concentrations in postprandial TGRL from T2D women compared to fasting ones.•A fat-rich meal particularly increased C16:0, C24:0 and C24:1 Cer in postprandial T2D TGRL.