Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type-1-associated Bronchioloalveolar Disorder with Non-necrotizing Granulomas: A Case Report and Literature Review

• Published in: Internal Medicine Vol. 63; no. 8; pp. 1149 - 1155
• Main Authors: Kimura, Satomi, Umeda, Yukihiro, Egashira, Ryoko, Tabata, Kazuhiro, Muramoto, Akifumi, Morita, Mihoko, Yamaguchi, Makiko, Waseda, Yuko, Imamura, Yoshiaki, Yamauchi, Takahiro, Ishizuka, Tamotsu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine 15.04.2024; Japan Science and Technology Agency
• Subjects: Adult; Aged, 80 and over; Alveolitis; Azo Compounds; Computed tomography; Female; Granuloma - diagnostic imaging; HTLV-1-associated bronchioloalveolar disorder (HABA); HTLV-I Infections - complications; HTLV-I Infections - diagnosis; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; Humans; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell; Literature reviews; Lymphocytes T; Lymphoma; non-necrotizing granuloma; Pneumonitis; Sarcoidosis; T-Lymphocytes - pathology; transbronchial lung cryobiopsy; transbronchial lung cryobiopsy; non-necrotizing granuloma; HTLV-1-associated bronchioloalveolar disorder (HABA)
• ISSN: 0918-2918; 1349-7235
• DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2201-23

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1)-associated bronchioloalveolar disorder (HABA) is a pulmonary disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the peribronchiolar space and interstitium in HTLV-1 carriers and in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). We herein report an 85-year-old woman carrying HTLV-1 with HABA who presented with a miliary pattern of micronodules in both lungs on high-resolution computed tomography and a lymphocytic infiltrate with non-necrotizing granulomas on pathology. This rare case of HABA should be differentiated from sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, or miliary tuberculosis.