Flexural strength, surface roughness, micro-CT analysis, and microbiological adhesion of a 3D-printed temporary crown material

• Published in: Clinical oral investigations Vol. 27; no. 5; pp. 2207 - 2220
• Main Authors: Ribeiro, Anne Kaline Claudino, de Freitas, Rodrigo Falcão Carvalho Porto, de Carvalho, Isabelle Helena Gurgel, de Miranda, Larissa Mendonça, da Silva, Nathália Ramos, de Fátima Dantas de Almeida, Leopoldina, Zhang, Yu, da Fonte Porto Carreiro, Adriana, de Assunção e Souza, Rodrigo Othávio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.05.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: 3-D printers; Acrylic Resins; Aging; Cell adhesion; Composite materials; Computed tomography; Computer-Aided Design; Crowns; Dental crowns; Dentistry; Flexural Strength; Materials Testing; Mechanical properties; Medicine; Porosity; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Resins; Statistical analysis; Surface Properties; Surface roughness; X-Ray Microtomography; Aging; Biofilm; CAD-CAM; 3D-printed resin; Provisional material; Flexural strength
• ISSN: 1436-3771; 1432-6981; 1436-3771
• DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04941-3

Objective To evaluate the thermocycling effect of 3D-printed resins on flexural strength, surface roughness, microbiological adhesion, and porosity. Materials and methods 150 bars (8 × 2 × 2 mm) and 100 blocks (8 × 8 × 2 mm) were made and divided into 5 groups, according to two factors: “material” (AR: acrylic resin, CR: composite resin, BIS: bis-acryl resin, CAD: CAD/CAM resin, and PRINT: 3D-printed resin) and “aging” (non-aged and aged – TC). Half of them were subjected to thermocycling (10,000 cycles). The bars were subjected to mini-flexural strength (σ) test (1 mm/min). All the blocks were subjected to roughness analysis ( R a / R q / R z ). The non-aged blocks were subjected to porosity analysis (micro-CT; n  = 5) and fungal adherence ( n  = 10). Data were statistically analyzed (one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA; Tukey’s test, α  = 0.05). Results For σ , “material” and “aging” factors were statistically significant ( p  < 0.0001). The BIS (118.23 ± 16.26 A ) presented a higher σ and the PRINT group (49.87 ± 7.55 E ) had the lowest mean σ . All groups showed a decrease in σ after TC, except for PRINT. The CR TC showed the lowest Weibull modulus. The AR showed higher roughness than BIS. Porosity revealed that the AR (1.369%) and BIS (6.339%) presented the highest porosity, and the CAD (0.002%) had the lowest porosity. Cell adhesion was significantly different between the CR (6.81) and CAD (6.37). Conclusion Thermocycling reduced the flexural strength of most provisional materials, except for 3D-printed resin. However, it did not influence the surface roughness. The CR showed higher microbiological adherence than CAD group. The BIS group reached the highest porosity while the CAD group had the lowest values. Clinical relevance 3D-printed resins are promising materials for clinical applications because they have good mechanical properties and low fungal adhesion.