Hyperspectral imaging and chemometrics reveal wood acetylation on different spatial scales

Acetylation is a chemical treatment method commonly used to improve the hygroscopic properties of wood. Although acetylation has been industrially used for decades, its effects on the different hierarchical structures of wood are still poorly understood. In the laboratory, acetylation is generally m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of materials science Vol. 56; no. 8; pp. 5053 - 5066
Main Authors Mäkelä, Mikko, Altgen, Michael, Belt, Tiina, Rautkari, Lauri
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.03.2021
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Acetates
Acetylation
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemical treatment
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemometrics
Classical Mechanics
Cluster analysis
Composites & Nanocomposites
Crystallography and Scattering Methods
Gravimetry
Hyperspectral imaging
Infrared imagery
Materials Science
Polymer Sciences
Raman spectroscopy
Regression analysis
Solid Mechanics
Structural hierarchy
Trävetenskap
Wood Science
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Summary:Acetylation is a chemical treatment method commonly used to improve the hygroscopic properties of wood. Although acetylation has been industrially used for decades, its effects on the different hierarchical structures of wood are still poorly understood. In the laboratory, acetylation is generally measured gravimetrically. Weighing a sample before and after the modification procedure provides an indirect measure of the degree of acetylation within the entire sample but does not provide detailed information on the different structural regions of wood. Here, we determined acetylation of wood surfaces using hyperspectral near-infrared image regression. Our results show significant differences in the acetylation of earlywood and latewood, which suggests different durations for complete acetylation of earlywood and latewood cells. We have also illustrated our findings on the wood cell level based on the chemical differences in earlywood and latewood cell walls using cluster analysis of Raman images. These findings are an important step in understanding how chemical treatment affects the different hierarchical structures of wood on different spatial scales. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:0022-2461
1573-4803
1573-4803
DOI:10.1007/s10853-020-05597-0