Childhood abuse, adult interpersonal abuse, and depression in individuals with extreme obesity

• Published in: Child abuse & neglect Vol. 38; no. 3; pp. 425 - 433
• Main Authors: Salwen, Jessica K, Hymowitz, Genna F, Vivian, Dina, O’Leary, K. Daniel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2014; Elsevier; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Adult abuse; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Child; Child Abuse; Child abuse & neglect; Child Abuse - psychology; Child Abuse - statistics & numerical data; Child psychology; Childhood abuse; Correlation analysis; Depression; Depression - epidemiology; Depression - psychology; Depressive Disorder; Eating Disorders; Female; Gastrointestinal surgery; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Medical sciences; Mental depression; Metabolic diseases; Middle Aged; New York - epidemiology; Obesity; Obesity, Morbid - epidemiology; Obesity, Morbid - psychology; Partner abuse; Pediatrics; Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Retrospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Victimology; Weight-related teasing; Young Adult; New York; Childhood abuse; Obesity; Depression; Adult abuse; Partner abuse; Weight-related teasing; Human; Mood disorder; Nutrition disorder; Victimization; Victimology; Concomitant disease; Child abuse; Social interaction; Early traumatism; Adult; Nutritional status; Interpersonal relation
• ISSN: 0145-2134; 1873-7757
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.12.005

Abstract This study sought to examine (a) a mediational model of childhood abuse, adult interpersonal abuse, and depressive symptoms and (b) the impact of weight-related teasing on rates and correlates of childhood abuse. Charts of 187 extremely obese individuals seeking psychological clearance for bariatric (weight-loss) surgery were retrospectively examined. Among the participants, 61% reported a history of childhood abuse, 30.5% reported adult interpersonal abuse, and 15% reported clinically significant depressive symptoms. Initially, the relationship between childhood abuse and current depressive symptoms was significant ( p < .001). However, the introduction of adult interpersonal abuse as a mediator in the model reduced the magnitude of its significance (Sobel's test p = .01). The associations between childhood abuse and adult interpersonal abuse and between adult interpersonal abuse and depressive symptoms were significant ( p < .001 and p = .002, respectively), and the model showed a good fit across multiple indices. Finally, weight-related teasing was a significant moderator in the relationship between childhood and adult interpersonal abuse. Bariatric surgery patients report elevated rates of childhood abuse that are comparable to rates in psychiatric populations (e.g., eating disorders, depression), and higher than those in community samples and other medical populations. The relationship between child abuse and depressive symptomatology may be partially explained by the presence of adult interpersonal abuse; additionally, the relationship between childhood and adult interpersonal abuse was stronger for those who did not endure weight-related teasing than for those who did.