Superdrawing of polytetrafluoroethylene nascent powder by solid-state coextrusion

• Published in: Journal of polymer science. Part B, Polymer physics Vol. 44; no. 23; pp. 3369 - 3377
• Main Authors: Sawai, Daisuke, Watanabe, Daisuke, Morooka, Naoyuki, Kuroki, Haruka, Kanamoto, Tetsuo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.12.2006; Wiley
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Exact sciences and technology; Forms of application and semi-finished materials; nascent powder; Polymer industry, paints, wood; polytetrafluoroethylene; Sheets and films; solid-state coextrusion; superdrawing; Technology of polymers; tensile properties; Stretchability; superdrawing; Film; nascent powder; Tetrafluoroethylene polymer; Mechanical properties; Temperature effect; Warm drawing; Tensile property; Crystallinity; Coextrusion; Solid phase extrusion; Property processing relationship; Structure processing relationship; tensile properties; Hot drawing; Molecular orientation; Oriented polymer; polytetrafluoroethylene; Technological properties; solid-state coextrusion
• ISSN: 0887-6266; 1099-0488
• DOI: 10.1002/polb.20988

A film of nascent powder of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), compacted below the ambient melting temperature (Tm, 335 °C), was drawn by two‐stage draw techniques consisting of a first‐stage solid‐state coextrusion followed by a second‐stage solid‐state coextrusion or tensile draw. Although the ductility of extrudates was lost for the second‐stage tensile draw at temperatures above 150 °C due to the rapid decrease in strength, as previously reported, the ductility of extrudates increased with temperature even above 150 °C when the second‐stage draw was made by solid‐state coextrusion, reflecting the different deformation flow fields in a free space for the former and in an extrusion die for the latter. Thus, a powder film initially coextruded to a low extrusion draw ratio (EDR) of 6–20 at 325 °C was further drawn by coextrusion to EDRs up to ∼︁400 at 325–340 °C, near the Tm. Extremely high chain orientation (fc = 0.998 ± 0.001), crystallinity (96.5 ± 0.5)%, and tensile modulus (115 ± 5 GPa at 24 °C, corresponding to 73% of the X‐ray crystal modulus) were achieved at high EDRs. Despite such a morphological perfection and a high modulus, the tensile strength of a superdrawn tape, 0.48 ± 0.03 GPa, was significantly low when compared with those (1.4–2.3 GPa) previously reported by tensile drawing above the Tm. Such a low strength of a superdrawn, high‐modulus PTFE tape was ascribed to the low intermolecular interaction of PTFE and the lack of intercrystalline links along the fiber axis, reflecting the initial chain‐extended morphology of the nascent powder combined with the fairly high chain mobility associated with the crystal/crystal transitions at around room temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 3369–3377, 2006