Cryopreservation of sperm in Brazilian migratory fish conservation

• Published in: Journal of fish biology Vol. 63; no. 2; pp. 472 - 489
• Main Authors: Carolsfeld, J., Godinho, H. P., Zaniboni Filho, E., Harvey, B. J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Science Ltd 01.08.2003; Blackwell
• Subjects: Animal aquaculture; Animal productions; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Applied ecology; Biological and medical sciences; Brazil; Brycon orbignyanus; catfish; characid; conservation; Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife; cryopreservation; Freshwater; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Leporinus elongatus; migratory; Parks, reserves, wildlife conservation. Endangered species: population survey and restocking; Piaractus mesopotamicus; Pisciculture; Prochilodus lineatus; Pseudoplatystoma corruscans; Salminus maxillosus; Vertebrate aquaculture; South America; Brazil; America; Spermatozoa; characid; conservaton; Genetic diversity; Hatchery; Germinal cell; catfish; Vertebrata; Migratory; Cryopreservation; Pisces; Brazil; Laitance; Animal conservation; Aquaculture
• ISSN: 0022-1112; 1095-8649
• DOI: 10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00170.x

Simple, effective protocols for cryopreserving milt of five Brazilian migratory characids (Brycon orbignyanus, Prochilodus lineatus, Piaractus mesopotamicus, Salminus maxillosus and Leporinus elongatus) and one Brazilian migratory catfish (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) are described. Milt was frozen and stored in dry shippers immediately after collection, making the procedure practical for use in the field. A diluent of 5% glucose, 10% dimethyl sulphoxide and 10% egg yolk was effective for all of the characid species, and a diluent of 10% methanol and 15% powdered milk was effective for P. corruscans. Milt was thawed in an ambient temperature water bath (28–30° C). Activation of thawed milt was effective with either saline (0·9 or 0·45% NaCl) or bicarbonate (1% NaHCO3). Fertilization rates with frozen milt varied between 49 and 300% of the control. Application of the technology for increasing genetic diversity in hatchery programmes for enhancement, mitigation or conservation breeding is discussed, as is its application in aquaculture. Inappropriate use of the technology can threaten wild biodiversity and appropriate legislation and education may be required for its responsible use.