Motor neuron preservation and decrease of in vivo TDP-43 phosphorylation by protein CK-1δ kinase inhibitor treatment

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 4449
• Main Authors: Martínez-González, Loreto, Rodríguez-Cueto, Carmen, Cabezudo, Diego, Bartolomé, Fernando, Andrés-Benito, Pol, Ferrer, Isidro, Gil, Carmen, Martín-Requero, Ángeles, Fernández-Ruiz, Javier, Martínez, Ana, de Lago, Eva
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 10.03.2020; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 13/106; 13/51; 14; 14/1; 14/19; 14/63; 38/77; 631/378/1689/1285; 631/378/340; 64/110; 692/4017; 82/80; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Benzothiazole; Casein; Cortex (frontal); Cytoplasm; DNA-binding protein; Enzyme inhibitors; Homeostasis; Humanities and Social Sciences; Localization; Motor neurons; mRNA; multidisciplinary; Phosphorylation; Preservation; Proteins; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Spinal cord; Toxicity; Transgenic mice
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61265-y

Pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating disease where no treatment exists, involves the compartmentalization of the nuclear protein TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) in the cytoplasm which is promoted by its aberrant phosphorylation and others posttranslational modifications. Recently, it was reported that CK-1δ (protein casein kinase-1δ) is able to phosphorylate TDP-43. Here, the preclinical efficacy of a benzothiazole-based CK-1δ inhibitor IGS-2.7, both in a TDP-43 (A315T) transgenic mouse and in a human cell-based model of ALS, is shown. Treatment with IGS-2.7 produces a significant preservation of motor neurons in the anterior horn at lumbar level, a decrease in both astroglial and microglial reactivity in this area, and in TDP-43 phosphorylation in spinal cord samples. Furthermore, the recovery of TDP-43 homeostasis (phosphorylation and localization) in a human-based cell model from ALS patients after treatment with IGS-2.7 is also reported. Moreover, we have shown a trend to increase in CK-1δ mRNA in spinal cord and significantly in frontal cortex of sALS cases. All these data show for the first time the in vivo modulation of TDP-43 toxicity by CK-1δ inhibition with IGS-2.7, which may explain the benefits in the preservation of spinal motor neurons and point to the relevance of CK-1δ inhibitors in a future disease-modifying treatment for ALS.