Impact of high-intensity interval training and sprint interval training on peripheral markers of glycemic control in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease Vol. 1866; no. 8; p. 165820
• Main Authors: Jiménez-Maldonado, Alberto, García-Suárez, Patricia C., Rentería, Iván, Moncada-Jiménez, José, Plaisance, Eric P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.08.2020
• Subjects: Biomarkers - metabolism; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - genetics; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - pathology; Energy Metabolism; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Glycemic control; Glycemic Control - methods; High-Intensity Interval Training - methods; Humans; Insulin - blood; Insulin Resistance; Interval exercise training; Liver - metabolism; Liver - pathology; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - genetics; Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism; Metabolic Syndrome - pathology; Oxygen Consumption; Pancreas - metabolism; Pancreas - pathology; Type 2 diabetes; Glycemic control; Type 2 diabetes; Interval exercise training; Metabolic syndrome
• ISSN: 0925-4439; 1879-260X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165820

Glycemic control is essential to reduce the risk of complications associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Aerobic and resistance exercise performed alone or in combination improve glycemic control in both conditions. However, perceived lack of time and commitment are considered principal barriers to performing exercise regularly. High intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) can be performed in a fraction of the time required for continuous aerobic exercise. A substantial scientific evidence indicates that HIIT/SIT improve glycemic control to a similar or greater extent than aerobic exercise in populations without MetS or T2D. Likewise, growing evidence suggest that HIIT/SIT improve the glycemic control during MetS and T2D. The aim of this review is to discuss the effects of interval training protocols on peripheral markers of glucose metabolism in patients with MetS and T2D. •Either form of interval training (HIIT or SIT) using a treadmill or cycle ergometer improves insulin sensitivity (IS) in skeletal muscle.•Interval training does not appear to modify the insulin sensitivity (IS) in liver during MetS and T2D.•Long-term interval training reduces HbA1c levels during MetS or T2D.