The Grow It! app—longitudinal changes in adolescent well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: a proof-of-concept study

• Published in: European child & adolescent psychiatry Vol. 32; no. 6; pp. 1097 - 1107
• Main Authors: Dietvorst, E., Legerstee, J. S., Vreeker, A., Koval, S., Mens, M. M., Keijsers, L., Hillegers, M. H. J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.06.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescent girls; Adolescent Health; Adolescents; Child & adolescent mental health; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Cognitive ability; Communicable Disease Control; Computer & video games; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Educational software; Female; Girls; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mental depression; Mental health; Mobile Applications; Original Contribution; Pandemics; Psychiatry; Questionnaires; Symptoms; Teenagers; Well being; e-health; Prevention; Internalizing problems; Serious game; Experience sampling method
• ISSN: 1018-8827; 1435-165X; 1435-165X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-01982-z

Adolescent mental health and well-being have been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this preregistered longitudinal study, we evaluated whether adolescents’ well-being improved after playing the multiplayer serious game app Grow It! During the first lockdown (May–June 2020), 1282 Dutch adolescents played the Grow It! app (age = 16.67, SD = 3.07, 68% girls). During the second lockdown (December–May 2020 onwards), an independent cohort of 1871 adolescents participated (age = 18.66, SD = 3.70, 81% girls). Adolescents answered online questionnaires regarding affective and cognitive well-being, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and impact of COVID-19 at baseline. Three to six weeks later, the baseline questionnaire was repeated and user experience questions were asked ( N  = 462 and N  = 733 for the first and second cohort). In both cohorts, affective and cognitive well-being increased after playing the Grow It! app ( t  = − 6.806, p  < 0.001; t  = − 6.77, p  < 0.001; t  = − 6.12, p  < 0.001; t  = − 5.93, p  < 0.001; Cohen’s d range 0.20–0.32). At the individual level, 41–53% of the adolescents increased in their affective or cognitive well-being. Adolescents with higher risk profiles (i.e., more depressive symptoms, lower atmosphere at home, and more COVID-19 impact) improved more strongly in their well-being. Positive user evaluations and app engagement were unrelated to changes in affective and cognitive well-being. This proof-of-concept study tentatively suggests that Grow It! supported adolescents during the pandemic.