Cultural Values and Behavior among African American and European American Children

• Published in: Journal of child and family studies Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 1236 - 1249
• Main Authors: Smith, Emilie Phillips, Witherspoon, Dawn P., Bhargava, Sakshi, Bermudez, J. Maria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.05.2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescents; African American Children; African Americans; Behavior problems; Behavioral Science and Psychology; Child and School Psychology; Children; Children & youth; Collectivism; Cultural change; Cultural values; Delinquency; Ethnic groups; Ethnicity; Familism; Grade 1; Immigrants; Individualism; Juvenile delinquency; Measurement; Original Paper; Prosocial behavior; Psychology; Race; Resilience; Rural communities; Social Sciences; Socialization; Sociology; Structural equation modeling; Structural Equation Models; Structural models; Values; Europe; Pro-social behaviors; Cultural values; Collectivistic; Individualistic; Problem and Risky behaviors
• ISSN: 1062-1024; 1573-2843
• DOI: 10.1007/s10826-019-01367-y

Objectives This study explores the relationships of individualistic (e.g., competition, material success) and collectivistic values (e.g., familism, respect) with risky and prosocial behavior among African-American and European-Americanyouth. While previous work has focused upon immigrant adolescents, this study expands the research exploring cultural values to other racial-ethnic groups and to a younger developmental period. This study builds upon culture as individually experienced beliefs and practices, potentially espousing multiple cultural orientations and relationships to behavior. Methods Data from Cohort 3 of a study of 219 urban, suburban, and rural children included African-American (42%) and European-American (58%) children, 54% female, ranging from grades 1–5 (mean age = 9). Multigroup structural equation models were tested resulting in a measurement model that fit similarly across groups (RMSEA = .05, CFI = .94). Results African-American children reported higher levels of individualism, and African-American and European-American children reported espousing similar levels of collectivism. Children in higher grades were found to be more collectivistic and less individualistic. Individualistic values were related to children’s lower prosocial and higher rates of problem and delinquent behavior. Collectivistic cultural values were associated with reduced rates of problem behaviors, controlling for race-ethnicity, gender and grade. Conclusions Results provide support for the assertion that youth espouse multiple cultural orientations and that collectivistic cultural values can serve as promotive factors for children of diverse backgrounds. Practice and policy should seek to understand the role of family, school, and community socialization of multiple cultural orientations and nuanced associations with risk and resilience.