GRP78-directed immunotherapy in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma - results from a phase 1 trial with the monoclonal immunoglobulin M antibody PAT-SM6

• Published in: Haematologica (Roma) Vol. 100; no. 3; pp. 377 - 384
• Main Authors: Rasche, Leo, Duell, Johannes, Castro, Inês C, Dubljevic, Valentina, Chatterjee, Manik, Knop, Stefan, Hensel, Frank, Rosenwald, Andreas, Einsele, Hermann, Topp, Max S, Brändlein, Stephanie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Italy Ferrata Storti Foundation 01.03.2015
• Subjects: Aged; Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration & dosage; Antibodies, Monoclonal - adverse effects; Antibodies, Monoclonal - pharmacokinetics; Bone Marrow - drug effects; Bone Marrow - metabolism; Bone Marrow - pathology; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Female; Gene Expression; Half-Life; Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics; Heat-Shock Proteins - immunology; Humans; Immunization, Passive - methods; Immunoglobulin M - administration & dosage; Immunoglobulin M - adverse effects; Immunoglobulin M - metabolism; Infusions, Intravenous; Leukopenia - etiology; Leukopenia - pathology; Male; Multiple Myeloma - genetics; Multiple Myeloma - immunology; Multiple Myeloma - pathology; Multiple Myeloma - therapy; Recurrence
• ISSN: 0390-6078; 1592-8721
• DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.117945

The primary objective of this phase 1 study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the anti-glucose regulated protein 78 monoclonal immunoglobulin M antibody PAT-SM6 in subjects with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Twelve heavily pretreated patients received four intravenous infusions of PAT-SM6 at doses of 0.3, 1, 3, and 6 mg/kg within 2 weeks. Efficacy, pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity were followed up until the end of the trial (day 36). In addition, immune cell patterns in peripheral blood were assessed by flow cytometry and glucose regulated protein 78 expression status was evaluated in bone marrow specimens by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry at screening. All doses administered were found to be safe and well tolerated; the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. The most common treatment emergent adverse event was leukopenia (grades 1 and 2) in eight out of the 12 multiple myeloma patients. Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated dose-proportional increases in drug serum concentration. The terminal half-life ranged from 5.86 to 8.41 h, the apparent volume of distribution ranged from 101 to 150 mL/kg, and clearance ranged from 8.11 to 16.1 mL/h/kg. All patients showed glucose regulated protein 78 surface expression on multiple myeloma cells. Four out of the 12 patients (33.3 %) had stable disease, according to the International Myeloma Working Group criteria, after PAT-SM6 treatment across the doses 1, 3 and 6 mg/kg. In summary, single-agent PAT-SM6 was well tolerated with modest clinical activity in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Further trials exploring the combination of PAT-SM6 with existing myeloma therapies are planned. clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01727778.