6-gingerol ameliorates metabolic disorders by inhibiting hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes in high-fat-diet induced obese mice

• Published in: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol. 146; p. 112491
• Main Authors: Cheng, Zhe, Xiong, Xinyu, Zhou, Yi, Wu, Fan, Shao, Qingqing, Dong, Ruolan, Liu, Qiong, Li, Lingli, Chen, Guang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier Masson SAS 01.02.2022; Elsevier
• Subjects: 6-gingerol; Adipocyte; Adipocytes - drug effects; Adipocytes - pathology; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Obesity Agents - therapeutic use; Catechols - pharmacology; Catechols - therapeutic use; Diet, High-Fat; Fatty Alcohols - pharmacology; Fatty Alcohols - therapeutic use; Hyperplasia; Hyperplasia - drug therapy; Hyperplasia - metabolism; Hypertrophy; Hypertrophy - drug therapy; Hypertrophy - metabolism; Insulin Resistance; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Male; Metabolic Diseases - drug therapy; Metabolic Diseases - metabolism; Metabolic disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Obesity - drug therapy; PPAR gamma - metabolism; STAT3 Transcription Factor - metabolism; 6-gingerol; C/EBPα; Adipocyte; FDA; PCNA; IRS-1; Hyperplasia; HFD; PPI; PDB; MSCs; KEGG; JAK1; Obesity; TCMSP; INSR; ADIPOQ; STAT3; AKT; eWAT; IL-1β; IL-6; PPARγ; iWAT; FABP4; BAT; ND; PPARG; TLR3; Metabolic disorders; Hypertrophy
• ISSN: 0753-3322; 1950-6007
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112491

Accumulating studies revealed that 6-gingerol, a compound extracted mainly from ginger, treats obesity by preventing hyperlipidemia in vivo induced by high-fat-diet (HFD). The present study intends to further evaluate the efficacy of 6-gingerol in the treatment of obesity and investigate its potential mechanism. Obese mice were established by HFD induction. Bioinformatic analysis was used to predict the possible pathways enrolled by the application of 6-gingerol. Body weight and the levels of blood glucose and lipids were examined and analyzed for the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of 6-gingerol. The size and amounts as well as the status of adipocytes were determined by histological staining. The expression levels of related proteins in adipose tissue were assessed by immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescent staining, and Western blot analysis. In addition, the expression levels of related mRNA were assessed by RT-qPCR. HFD induced obesity was significantly curbed by 6-gingerol treatment. Here inhibition mechanism of 6-gingerol is demonstrated on excessive hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT), which may be related to the regulation of adipocytokines, such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, FABP4 and adiponectin, and the TLR3/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 axis. Moreover, 6-gingerol treatment suppressed the expressions of IL-1β and CD68 in the liver and AKT/INSR/IRS-1 in epididymal WAT. The results suggested that 6-gingerol could alleviate metabolic inflammation in the liver and insulin resistance to treat obesity. The mechanism is mainly involved in the inhibition of excessive hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes. [Display omitted] •The potential mechanism of 6-gingerol treatment on obese mice were mined through bioinformatics analysis.•6-gingerol inhibits hypertrophy of adipocytes through the regulation of PPARγ, C/EBPα, FABP4 and adiponectin.•6-gingerol inhibits hyperplasia of adipocytes via TLR3/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 axis.•6-gingerol ameliorates metabolic disorders by regulating the excessive hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes in WAT.