Comprehensive lipid profiles investigation reveals host metabolic and immune alterations during anti-tuberculosis treatment: Implications for therapeutic monitoring

• Published in: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol. 158; p. 114187
• Main Authors: Anh, Nguyen Ky, Phat, Nguyen Ky, Yen, Nguyen Thi Hai, Jayanti, Rannissa Puspita, Thu, Vo Thuy Anh, Park, Young Jin, Cho, Yong-Soon, Shin, Jae-Gook, Kim, Dong Hyun, Oh, Jee Youn, Long, Nguyen Phuoc
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier Masson SAS 01.02.2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biomarker; Biomarkers; Cholesterol Esters; Humans; Immune response; Lipid Metabolism; Lipidomics; Metabolic alteration; Phosphatidylcholines; Treatment monitoring; Triglycerides; Tuberculosis; Treatment monitoring; Lipidomics; Biomarker; Tuberculosis; Immune response; Metabolic alteration
• ISSN: 0753-3322; 1950-6007
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114187

In this study, we investigated the lipidome of tuberculosis patients during standard chemotherapy to discover biosignatures that could aid therapeutic monitoring. UPLC-QToF MS was used to analyze 82 baseline and treatment plasma samples of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Subsequently, a data-driven and knowledge-based workflow, including robust annotation, statistical analysis, and functional analysis, was applied to assess lipid profiles during treatment. Overall, the lipids species from 17 lipid subclasses were significantly altered by anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. Cholesterol ester (CE), monoacylglycerols, and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were upregulated, whereas triacylglycerols, sphingomyelin, and ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamines (PE O-) were downregulated. Notably, PCs demonstrated a clear upward expression pattern during tuberculosis treatment. Several lipid species were identified as potential biomarkers for therapeutic monitoring, such as PC(42:6), PE(O-40:5), CE(24:6), and dihexosylceramide Hex2Cer(34:2;2 O). Functional and lipid gene enrichment analysis revealed alterations in pathways related to lipid metabolism and host immune responses. In conclusion, this study provides a foundation for the use of lipids as biomarkers for clinical management of tuberculosis. [Display omitted] •Lipid profiles of tuberculosis patients were altered during standard chemotherapy.•Using untargeted lipidomics, 17 lipid subclasses were found dysregulated.•Many lipid species were identified as promising biomarkers for treatment monitoring.•Functional analysis revealed host immune response-related pathway-level alterations.•The study provides basis for using lipids as biomarkers in tuberculosis management.