Evaluation of nutritional adequacy in adult patients with Crohn’s disease: a cross-sectional study
Purpose Inadequate oral intake may play an important role in the onset of malnutrition in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). The aims of this cross-sectional study were: (1) to compare dietary intake in clinically active and quiescent CD patients, and (2) to assess patients’ nutritional adequacy re...
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Published in | European journal of nutrition Vol. 59; no. 8; pp. 3647 - 3658 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.12.2020
Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Purpose
Inadequate oral intake may play an important role in the onset of malnutrition in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). The aims of this cross-sectional study were: (1) to compare dietary intake in clinically active and quiescent CD patients, and (2) to assess patients’ nutritional adequacy relative to the dietary reference values (DRVs) for the Italian population using LARN (Livelli di Assunzione di Riferimento di Nutrienti ed energia per la popolazione italiana).
Methods
Patients aged between 18 and 65 years with a diagnosis of CD were recruited
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All participants underwent anthropometry and were instructed to fill in a 3-day food record. Disease activity was clinically defined using the Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI).
Results
Overall, 117 patients, 71 males and 46 females, with a mean age of 39.6 ± 13.8 years and a mean body weight of 65.4 ± 11.8 kg, were ultimately included. Our findings showed that the amount of nutrients was similar between patients with active and quiescent disease. The mean intake of macronutrients was adequate, except for fiber, while dietary micronutrients were insufficient. Median intakes of sodium, phosphorus, and fluorine met LARN recommendations in both sexes, and the DRVs were accomplished by many patients (53/117; 104/117 and 98/117, respectively). Interestingly, dietary amounts of iron and zinc were barely acceptable in males but not in females. However, a few of the patients (< 15) met the LARN for potassium, calcium, and magnesium, regardless of sex and CDAI. With respect to vitamins, no relevant difference was found between the active and quiescent groups, and none of them met recommended values in both sexes.
Conclusions
This study showed that the assessment of dietary intake can be crucial for optimizing dietary intervention with focused nutrition counseling, to improve nutritional status in CD patients. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1436-6207 1436-6215 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00394-020-02198-0 |