Shift in skin microbiota and immune functions of zebrafish after combined exposure to perfluorobutanesulfonate and probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Dysbiosis of fish skin microbiome and immunity by environmental pollutants are rarely studied in toxicological research in spite of their importance for fish health. In the present study, adult zebrafish were exposed to 0 and 10 μg/L of perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) for 40 days, with or without th...
Saved in:
Published in | Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol. 218; p. 112310 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier Inc
15.07.2021
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | Dysbiosis of fish skin microbiome and immunity by environmental pollutants are rarely studied in toxicological research in spite of their importance for fish health. In the present study, adult zebrafish were exposed to 0 and 10 μg/L of perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) for 40 days, with or without the supplementation of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus, with objectives to explore the interaction between PFBS pollutant and probiotic bacteria on skin mucosal microbiota and immune response. Amplicon sequencing analysis found that PFBS alone significantly disturbed the microbial community composition and abundance on the skin, favoring the growth of stress-tolerant bacteria (e.g., Deinococcus and Enhydrobacter genera). However, the administration of probiotic inhibited the dysbiosis of PFBS and shaped the skin microbiome in the combined exposure group. PFBS single exposure also promoted the production of mucus on the skin of male zebrafish, which may be related to the growth of Limnobacter bacteria. In contrast, probiotic supplements remarkably improved the immune functions in male skin mucus from the combined group, as evidenced by the consistent increases in lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin concentrations and peroxidase activity. Overall, the present study provides the first clue about the singular and combined effects of PFBS and probiotic on skin microbiota and immunity, highlighting the beneficial action of probiotic L. rhamnosus against PFBS stress.
[Display omitted]
•Perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) disturbed skin microbiota of zebrafish.•Probiotic additive inhibited the microbial dysbiosis of PFBS in skin mucus.•PFBS exposure promoted the production of mucus on male skin.•Probiotic remarkably improved the mucosal immune functions in coexposed males.•Mucus secretion may be related to the growth of Limnobacter bacteria. |
---|---|
Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0147-6513 1090-2414 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112310 |