The responses of the growth, cytochrome P450 isoenzymes activities and the metabolomics in earthworms to sublethal doses of dichlorvos in soil

• Published in: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol. 207; p. 111547
• Main Authors: Yang, Xiaoxia, Gong, Jiuping, Zhang, Xuemei, Zhang, Wei, Li, Dianyan, Lin, Junjie, Li, Xiuying, Chai, Yong, Liu, Jianfei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01.01.2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - metabolism; CYP1A2; CYP2C9; CYP3A4; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 - metabolism; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 - pharmacology; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A - metabolism; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism; Dichlorvos - toxicity; Growth inhibition rate; Important metabolites; Isoenzymes - metabolism; Metabolomics - methods; Oligochaeta - drug effects; Oligochaeta - physiology; Soil - chemistry; Soil Pollutants - analysis; Soil Pollutants - toxicity; Biomarkers; CYP2C9; Important metabolites; CYP3A4; CYP1A2; Growth inhibition rate
• ISSN: 0147-6513; 1090-2414
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111547

In this paper, earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to sublethal doses of dichlorvos (spiked concentration of 0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/kg) in soil for 14 days, the metabolomics and activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4) of earthworms were analyzed aiming to identify sensitive biomarkers and reveal possible mode of toxic action. The results showed that CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 activity appeared to be more sensitive than CYP3A4 activity in response to dichlorvos, and that metabolic responses based on the metabolomics depended on both of the length of exposure and exposure dose. Malate, ornithine, glucose, inosine, myo-inositol and some amino acids (glutamine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, histidine, glutamate, lysine) and CYP isozenzymes may be biomarkers to reveal the toxic effect of dichlorvos on earthworms. Compared to controls, when dichlorvos dose reached 1.0 and 10 mg/kg on day 14, glucose and ornithine increased significantly, malate and some amino acids (glutamine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine) decreased significantly, and activities of CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 were inhibited significantly. The current results suggested that 1.0 and 10 mg/kg dichlorvos for 14 days of exposure blocked energy metabolism, disordered Krebs cycle, interfered amino acids metabolism and evoked toxic effects on earthworms. •Activities of CYP isoenzymes in earthworms were analyzed by LC-MS/MS with high throughput firstly•The metabolic responses depended on the length of continuous exposure and exposure doses.•1.0 and 10 mg/kg of dichlorvos exposure for 14 days resulted in obvious toxic effects on earthworms.•CYP isoenzymes and important metabolites may be biomarkers to reveal the toxic effect of dichlorvos.