Lipid-rich enteral nutrition controls intestinal inflammation, improves intestinal motility and mucosal barrier damage in a rat model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury

• Published in: The Journal of surgical research Vol. 213; pp. 75 - 83
• Main Authors: Lin, Zhi-Liang, MD, PhD, Tan, Shan-Jun, MD, PhD, Cheng, Min-hua, MD, PhD, Zhao, Chen-Yan, MD, PhD, Yu, Wen-Kui, MD, PhD, He, Yu-long, MD, PhD, Li, Jieshou, MD, Li, Ning, MD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2017
• Subjects: Animal experiment; Animals; Biomarkers - metabolism; Enteral Nutrition - methods; Food, Formulated; Gastrointestinal Motility - physiology; Inflammation - etiology; Inflammation - metabolism; Inflammation - pathology; Inflammation - prevention & control; Intestinal inflammation; Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury; Intestinal motility; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Intestinal Mucosa - pathology; Intestinal Mucosa - physiopathology; Intestinal mucosal barrier; Lipid-rich enteral nutrition; Lipids - therapeutic use; Male; Permeability; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury - metabolism; Reperfusion Injury - pathology; Reperfusion Injury - physiopathology; Reperfusion Injury - therapy; Surgery; Tight Junctions - metabolism; Intestinal inflammation; Intestinal mucosal barrier; Lipid-rich enteral nutrition; Animal experiment; Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury; Intestinal motility
• ISSN: 0022-4804; 1095-8673
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.007

Abstract Background It has been reported that lipid-rich enteral nutrition (EN) could ameliorate inflammation in various diseases. In this study, we investigated whether lipid-rich EN could control intestinal inflammation, improve intestinal motility and mucosal barrier injury after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Male adult rats received saline, conventional EN, or lipid-rich EN via gavage before and after intestinal I/R injury. The superior mesenteric artery was occluded for 60 min. The sham group underwent laparotomy without superior mesenteric artery occlusion and was administrated saline. Intestinal motility was measured 4 h after intestinal I/R injury by FITC-Dextran transit assay; the intestinal and systemic inflammation were assessed by analyzing intestinal and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)- 6, and IL-10, separately. The intestinal mucosal barrier injury was assessed by analyzing the serum levels of intestinal fatty acid–binding protein (I-FABP) and intestinal mucosal tight junction (TJ) proteins. Results The intestinal I/R injury decreased intestinal motility and intestinal mucosal TJs expression significantly when compared with the sham group ( P  < 0.05). The intestinal and systemic inflammatory parameters and the serum I-FABP were also significantly higher in the I/R groups than those in the sham group ( P  < 0.05). Both conventional and lipid-rich EN increased the intestinal motility and the intestinal mucosal TJs expression and decreased the intestinal and systemic inflammatory parameter and serum I-FABP levels to different degrees when compared with the I/R group ( P  < 0.05). However, lipid-rich EN significantly improved the negative alterations in these biochemical parameters when compared with the conventional EN ( P  < 0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that lipid-rich EN might be able to control intestinal inflammation, improve intestinal motility and mucosal barrier injury after intestinal I/R injury. Thus, the administration of lipid-rich EN may be an effective treatment for promoting gastrointestinal function recovery after intestinal I/R injury.