Molecular size-dependent compositions and lead (II) binding behaviors of two origins of organic fertilizers-derived dissolved organic matter

• Published in: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol. 258; p. 114959
• Main Authors: Wu, Yueying, Ji, Hengkuan, Li, Caisheng, Hou, Zhengwei, Huang, Cheng, Chen, Liming, Wang, Yu, Fu, Chuanliang, Zhang, Dongming, Wu, Zhipeng, Qiu, Yong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 15.06.2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: 2D-COS; Animals; Commercial organic fertilizers; Dissolved Organic Matter; Fertilizers - analysis; FT-ICR-MS; Humic Substances - analysis; Lead; Metals, Heavy - chemistry; Molecular weight fractionation; Sheep; Spectrometry, Fluorescence - methods; 2D-COS; Dissolved organic matter; FT-ICR-MS; Commercial organic fertilizers; Molecular weight fractionation
• ISSN: 0147-6513; 1090-2414
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114959

The application of organic fertilizers caused large amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) entering the soil environment and influencing the behaviors and fates of heavy metals. Here, we investigated the molecular weight-dependent (high molecular weight [HMW], 1 kDa-0.7 µm; low molecular weight [LMW], <1 kDa) compositions and lead (Pb) binding behaviors of DOM derived from sheep manure-based (SMOF) and shrimp peptide-based organic fertilizers (SPOF) using chromophoric and fluorescent spectroscopy, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). Results showed that SMOF released more DOM with higher aromaticity and hydrophobicity, containing more fluvic-like components, carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAMs) and lignin phenolic compounds compared to SPOF-DOM with more microbially-transformed heteroatom-containing compounds (CHON, CHONS and CHOS). Furthermore, there was more aromatic compounds with ample carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in HMW-DOM but abundant protein-like components and heteroatom-containing compounds (CHONS and CHOS) in LMW-DOM. SMOF-DOM exhibited more obvious MW-dependent heterogeneity in molecular components compared to SPOF-DOM with higher molecular diversity. Moreover, 2D-COS indicated phenol and carboxyl groups in SMOF-DOM and polysaccharides in SPOF-DOM exhibited superior binding affinities for Pb. Pb binding to HMW-DOM derived from SMOF first occurred in the phenolic groups in fulvic-like substances, while polysaccharides in LMW-DOM first participated in the binding of Pb. In contrast, irrespective of MWs, polysaccharides and humic-like substances with aromatic (CC) groups in SPOF-DOM displayed a faster response to Pb. Furthermore, the polysaccharides which preferentially participated in the binding of Pb to SPOF-DOM and SMOF-derived LMW-DOM may pose a higher risk of Pb in the environment. These results were helpful to understand the effects of sources and size-dependent compositions of DOM on the associated risks of heavy metals in the environments. [Display omitted] •Pb binding behaviors of different sources and MW-fractionated DOM were studied.•Different sources DOM exhibited obvious MW-dependent diversity and heterogeneity.•Phenol in SMOF, and polysaccharides in SPOF exhibited higher Pb-binding affinity.•For SMOF, phenol in HMWs and polysaccharides in LMWs had the fastest response to Pb.•Irrespective of MWs, polysaccharides in SPOF-DOM were preferentially binding by Pb.