Serum amino acid metabolic profiles of ankylosing spondylitis by targeted metabolomics analysis

• Published in: Clinical rheumatology Vol. 39; no. 8; pp. 2325 - 2336
• Main Authors: Zhou, Yong, Zhang, Xi, Chen, Rui, Han, Su, Liu, Yishu, Liu, Xuefeng, Gao, Ming, Yang, Chundong, Lu, Daifeng, Sun, Beibei, Chen, Hao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.08.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Alanine; Amines; amino acid metabolism; Amino acids; Amino Acids - blood; Amino Acids - metabolism; aminoacyl transfer RNA; Ankylosing spondylitis; Arginine; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - blood; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - metabolism; aspartic acid; Association analysis; biochemical pathways; Biogenic amines; Biomarkers - blood; Biomarkers - metabolism; biosynthesis; blood serum; Case-Control Studies; China; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods; Female; glutamic acid; Glutamine; Glycine; High-performance liquid chromatography; Humans; Inflammation; L-Proline; Linear Models; Lysine; Male; mass spectrometry; Mass Spectrometry - methods; Mass spectroscopy; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic networks; Metabolic pathways; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; Metabolomics - methods; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Original Article; Pathogenesis; proline; regression analysis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Rheumatology; Serine; Spondylitis, Ankylosing - blood; Spondylitis, Ankylosing - metabolism; Statistical analysis; Taurine; Threonine; Young Adult; γ-Aminobutyric acid; China; Amino acids; Biomarker; UPLC-TQ-MS; Ankylosing spondylitis
• ISSN: 0770-3198; 1434-9949; 1434-9949
• DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-04974-z

Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common chronic inflammatory arthritis, causing lasting back pain with progressive loss of spinal mobility. However, the exact pathogenesis of AS remains unclear. We aim to use the metabolomics analysis to characterize the metabolic profile of AS, in order to better understand the pathogenesis of AS and monitor disease activity and progression. Methods The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ-MS) was used for investigating the serum amino acid metabolomic profiling of 30 AS patients, in comparison with 32 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 30 healthy controls, combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Metabolite association analysis with disease activity was performed using generalized linear regression. The metabolic pathway analysis for the important metabolites was performed using MetPA and the metabolic network was constructed. Results A total of 29 amino acids and biogenic amines were detected in all participants by UPLC-TQ-MS. It showed significant amino acid differences between the AS/RA patients and control subjects. Additionally, 4-hydroxy-L-proline, alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamine, and taurine were identified as candidate markers shared by AS/RA groups. Specifically, lysine, proline, serine, and alanine were found correlated with disease activity of AS. Furthermore, the most significant metabolic pathway identified were alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. Conclusions These preliminary results demonstrate that UPLC-TQ-MS analysis method is a powerful tool to identify metabolite profiles of AS. Research in identified disease activity–associated metabolites and biological pathways may provide assistance for clinical diagnosis and pathological mechanism of AS. Key Points • There are perturbations of serum amino acid metabolism in AS, compared with RA and healthy controls, determined by UPLC-TQ-MS. • Metabolomics pathway is used to analysis for the differential metabolites of AS. • The altered serum amino acid could monitor disease activity of AS.