Characteristic Changes of Prefrontal and Motor Areas in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Major Depressive Disorder During a Motor Task of Tai Chi Chuan: A Functional Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy Study

• Published in: Brain and behavior Vol. 14; no. 10; pp. e70071 - n/a
• Main Authors: Zhang, Jiaming, Li, Yuxi, Liu, Xiaobo, Zhong, Dongling, Xue, Chen, Fan, Jin, Xie, Cheng, Li, Juan, Jin, Rongjiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.10.2024; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Aged; brain activation | functional connectivity | lateralization | major depressive disorder | tai chi chuan | type 2 diabetes mellitus; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnostic imaging; Depressive Disorder, Major - physiopathology; Depressive Disorder, Major - therapy; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - therapy; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Mental depression; Mental disorders; Middle Aged; Motor Cortex - diagnostic imaging; Motor Cortex - physiopathology; Older people; Original; Prefrontal Cortex - diagnostic imaging; Prefrontal Cortex - physiopathology; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared - methods; Spectrum analysis; Tai Ji - methods; United States > US; brain activation | functional connectivity | lateralization | major depressive disorder | tai chi chuan | type 2 diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 2162-3279; 2162-3279
• DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70071

ABSTRACT Aim This cross‐sectional study aims to identify the characteristic changes of prefrontal and motor areas during a tai chi chuan task in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and major depressive disorder (MDD) using wearable functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods Three parallel groups (T2DM with DD group, T2DM group, and healthy group) were recruited from December 10, 2022, to May 31, 2023. Participants in three groups conducted a motor task of tai chi chuan designed by Eprime 3.0, and fNIRS was used to monitor the brain activation, functional connectivity (FC), and lateralization of prefrontal and motor areas. Correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and the function of prefrontal and motor areas. Results Ninety elder adults (aged ≥ 60), including 30 patients with T2DM and MDD, 30 patients with T2DM, and 30 healthy subjects, were enrolled. In contrast with the patients with T2DM and healthy subjects, the patients with T2DM and MDD had decreased activation and abnormal lateralization in prefrontal and motor areas and decreased FC among supplementary motor area, motor area, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Furthermore, the oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) concentration value of DLPFC in patients with T2DM and MDD was negatively associated with scores of Hamilton Depression Scale‐24 (HAMD‐24). Conclusions Patients with T2DM and MDD had characteristic functional changes in prefrontal and motor areas. DLPFC may be a potential target of diagnosis and intervention for patients with T2DM and MDD. Schematic overview of the data analysis pipeline: (A) preparation before fNIRS task—including subject recruitment, scale evaluation, and learning tai chi chuan; (B) fNIRS task—subjects received fNIRS assessment when conducting tai chi chuan task; (C) data analysis—differences of activation, lateralization, and functional connectivity among three groups.