Water quality prediction in sea cucumber farming based on a GRU neural network optimized by an improved whale optimization algorithm

• Published in: PeerJ. Computer science Vol. 8; p. e1000
• Main Authors: Yang, Huanhai, Liu, Shue
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Diego PeerJ. Ltd 31.05.2022; PeerJ, Inc; PeerJ Inc
• Subjects: Accuracy; Agriculture; Algorithms; Algorithms and Analysis of Algorithms; Analysis; Aquaculture; Aquaculture industry; Artificial Intelligence; Artificial neural networks; Cetacea; Computational Biology; Convergence; Data Mining and Machine Learning; Data Science; Dissolved oxygen; Farming; Gated recurrent unit; Global optimization; Mathematical optimization; Methods; Neural networks; Noise; Optimization algorithms; Prediction models; Quality control; Recurrent neural networks; Salinity; Signal processing; Support vector machines; Time series; Trends; Variational modal decomposition; Water quality; Water quality prediction; Water temperature; Wavelet packet denoising; Wavelet transforms; Whale algorithm; China
• ISSN: 2376-5992; 2376-5992
• DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1000

Sea cucumber farming is an important part of China’s aquaculture industry, and sea cucumbers have higher requirements for aquaculture water quality. This article proposes a sea cucumber aquaculture water quality prediction model that uses an improved whale optimization algorithm to optimize the gated recurrent unit neural network(IWOA-GRU), which provides a reference for the water quality control in the sea cucumber growth environment. This model first applies variational mode decomposition (VMD) and the wavelet threshold joint denoising method to remove mixed noise in water quality time series. Then, by optimizing the convergence factor, the convergence speed and global optimization ability of the whale optimization algorithm are strengthened. Finally, the improved whale optimization algorithm is used to construct a GRU prediction model based on optimal network weights and thresholds to predict sea cucumber farming water quality. The model was trained and tested using three water quality indices (dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity) of sea cucumber culture waters in Shandong Peninsula, China, and compared with prediction models such as support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF), convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), and long short-term memory neural network (LSTM). Experimental results show that the prediction accuracy and generalization performance of this model are better than those of the other compared models.