Flow visualization through particle image velocimetry in realistic model of rhesus monkey’s upper airway

• Published in: Respiratory physiology & neurobiology Vol. 251; pp. 16 - 27
• Main Authors: Kim, Ji-Woong, Phuong, Nguyen Lu, Aramaki, Shin-ichiro, Ito, Kazuhide
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2018
• Subjects: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Nasal cavity; Oral cavity; Particle image velocimetry (PIV); Rhesus monkey’s upper airway; Particle image velocimetry (PIV); Oral cavity; Nasal cavity; Rhesus monkey’s upper airway; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
• ISSN: 1569-9048; 1878-1519; 1878-1519
• DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.02.007

•Flow in a realistic rhesus monkey upper airway model is the subject of this study.•We conducted PIV to investigate the flow pattern in both oral and nasal inhalations.•Vortex flow structures occurred in the nasal vestibule by sudden expansion of vestibule geometry.•The flow profile is found to be well developed in the trachea region for cases involving oral inhalation at 10 and 20 L/min.•The results contribute to understand flow pattern in the complex monkey airway model. Studies concerning inhalation toxicology and respiratory drug-delivery systems require biological testing involving experiments performed on animals. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is an effective in vitro technique that reveals detailed inhalation flow patterns, thereby assisting analyses of inhalation exposure to various substances. A realistic model of a rhesus-monkey upper airway was developed to investigate flow patterns in its oral and nasal cavities through PIV experiments performed under steady-state constant inhalation conditions at various flow rates—4, 10, and 20 L/min. Flow rate of the fluid passing through the inlet into the trachea was measured to obtain characteristic flow mechanisms, and flow phenomena in the model were confirmed via characterized flow fields. It was observed that increase in flow rate leads to constant velocity profiles in upper and lower trachea regions. It is expected that the results of this study would contribute to future validation of studies aimed at developing in silico models, especially those involving computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis.