Mosquitocidal and water purification properties of Cynodon dactylon, Aloe vera, Hemidesmus indicus and Coleus amboinicus leaf extracts against the mosquito vectors
Ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon , Aloe vera , Hemidesmus indicus and Coleus amboinicus were tested for their toxicity effect on the third-instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi , Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti . The leaves of C. dactylon , A. vera , H. indicus and C. amboinicus were c...
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Published in | Parasitology research (1987) Vol. 110; no. 4; pp. 1435 - 1443 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer-Verlag
01.04.2012
Springer |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Ethanolic extracts of
Cynodon dactylon
,
Aloe vera
,
Hemidesmus indicus
and
Coleus amboinicus
were tested for their toxicity effect on the third-instar larvae of
Anopheles stephensi
,
Culex quinquefasciatus
and
Aedes aegypti
. The leaves of
C. dactylon
,
A. vera
,
H. indicus
and
C. amboinicus
were collected from natural habitats (forests) in Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 250 g of fresh, mature leaves were rinsed with distilled water and dried in shade. The dried leaves were put in Soxhlet apparatus and extract prepared using 100% ethanol for 72 h at 30–40°C. Dried residues were obtained from 100 g of extract evaporated to dryness in rotary vacuum evaporator. Larvicidal properties of ethanolic leaf extracts showed that the extracts are effective as mosquito control agents. The larval mortality was observed after 24 h exposure. No mortality was observed in the control. The median lethal concentration (LC
50
) values observed for the larvicidal activities are 0.44%, 0.51%, 0.59% and 0.68% for extracts of
C. dactylon
,
A. vera
,
H. indicus
and
C. amboinicus
, respectively. The observed mortality were statistically significant at
P
< 0.05 level.
C. dactylon
showed the highest mortality rate against the three species of mosquito larvae in laboratory and field. The selected plants were shown to exhibit water purification properties. Water quality parameters such as turbidity, pH and water clarity were analyzed in the water samples (pre-treatment and post-treatment of plant extracts) taken from the different breeding sites of mosquitoes. Water colour, turbidity and pH were reduced significantly after treatment with
C. dactylon
(13 HU, 31.5 mg/l and 6.9),
H. indicus
(13.8 HU, 33 mg/l and 7.1),
A. vera
(16 HU, 33.8 mg/l and 7.4) and
C. amboinicus
(21 HU, 35 mg/l and 7.5) extracts. The study proved that the extracts of
C. dactylon
,
A. vera
,
H. indicus
and
C. amboinicus
have both mosquitocidal and water sedimentation properties. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0932-0113 1432-1955 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00436-011-2646-3 |