Avian influenza A virus PB2 promotes interferon type I inducing properties of a swine strain in porcine dendritic cells

• Published in: Virology (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 427; no. 1; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: Ocaña-Macchi, Manuela, Ricklin, Meret E, Python, Sylvie, Monika, Gsell-Albert, Stech, Jürgen, Stech, Olga, Summerfield, Artur
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 25.05.2012
• Subjects: 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES; Adaptations; Animals; Birds; Cell activation; Cell Line; Chick Embryo; DENDRITES; Dendritic cells; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Dendritic Cells - virology; Dogs; Fowl plague; GENES; Genes, Viral; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - metabolism; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Infectious Disease; INFECTIVITY; INFLUENZA; Influenza A virus; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - immunology; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - genetics; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - immunology; Influenza virus; INFLUENZA VIRUSES; INTERFERON; Interferon Type I - secretion; Major Histocompatibility Complex; Mice; NF- Kappa B protein; NF-kappa B - metabolism; Nuclear transport; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - immunology; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - veterinary; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology; Pandemics; PB2; Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics; Reassortant Viruses - genetics; Reassortant Viruses - immunology; RNA Replicase - immunology; SWINE; Swine Diseases - immunology; Swine Diseases - virology; Tropism; Viral Proteins - immunology; Virus Replication - genetics; PB2; Interferon; Dendritic cells; Influenza virus
• ISSN: 0042-6822; 1096-0341
• DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.01.037

Abstract The 2009 influenza A virus (IAV) pandemic resulted from reassortment of avian, human and swine strains probably in pigs. To elucidate the role of viral genes in host adaptation regarding innate immune responses, we focussed on the effect of genes from an avian H5N1 and a porcine H1N1 IAV on infectivity and activation of porcine GM-CSF-induced dendritic cells (DC). The highest interferon type I responses were achieved by the porcine virus reassortant containing the avian polymerase gene PB2. This finding was not due to differential tropism since all viruses infected DC equally. All viruses equally induced MHC class II, but porcine H1N1 expressing the avian viral PB2 induced more prominent nuclear NF-κB translocation compared to its parent IAV. The enhanced activation of DC may be detrimental or beneficial. An over-stimulation of innate responses could result in either pronounced tissue damage or increased resistance against IAV reassortants carrying avian PB2.