Effect of focus on verbal working memory: Critical role of the focus word in reading
The effect of focus on working memory was investigated with the reading span test (RST). In two experiments, the span scores and the number of intrusion errors were compared between the focused RST the and the nonfocused RST. Focus word was defined as the most important word for comprehending a sent...
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Published in | Memory & cognition Vol. 30; no. 4; pp. 562 - 571 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Austin, TX
Psychonomic Society
01.06.2002
Springer Nature B.V |
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Abstract | The effect of focus on working memory was investigated with the reading span test (RST). In two experiments, the span scores and the number of intrusion errors were compared between the focused RST the and the nonfocused RST. Focus word was defined as the most important word for comprehending a sentence. For the focused RST, the target word to be maintained was the focus word for the sentence. In the nonfocused RST, however, the target word was not the focus word for the sentence. The results of both experiments showed that RST span scores were higher for the focused RST than for the nonfocused RST, and intrusion errors were found to increase for the nonfocused RST. In Experiment 2, the effect of focus was compared between high-span and low-span subjects. An effect of sentence length was also investigated. The result showed that low-span subjects were more affected than were high-span subjects by whether the word to be remembered was the focus word. The effect of sentence length was not confirmed. These findings suggest that the low-span subjects had deficits in their ability to establish and/or inhibit mental focus when faced with conflict situations in reading. |
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AbstractList | The effect of focus on working memory was investigated with the reading span test (RST). In two experiments, the span scores and the number of intrusion errors were compared between the focused RST and the nonfocused RST. The effect of focus on working memory was investigated with the reading span test (RST). In two experiments, the span scores and the number of intrusion errors were compared between the focused RST the and the nonfocused RST. Focus word was defined as the most important word for comprehending a sentence. For the focused RST, the target word to be maintained was the focus word for the sentence. In the nonfocused RST, however, the target word was not the focus word for the sentence. The results of both experiments showed that RST span scores were higher for the focused RST than for the nonfocused RST, and intrusion errors were found to increase for the nonfocused RST. In Experiment 2, the effect of focus was compared between high-span and low-span subjects. An effect of sentence length was also investigated. The result showed that low-span subjects were more affected than were high-span subjects by whether the word to be remembered was the focus word. The effect of sentence length was not confirmed. These findings suggest that the low-span subjects had deficits in their ability to establish and/or inhibit mental focus when faced with conflict situations in reading. The effect of focus on working memory was investigated with the reading span test (RST). In two experiments, the span scores & the number of intrusion errors were compared between the focused RST & the nonfocused RST. "Focus word" was defined as the most important word for comprehending a sentence. For the focused RST, the target word to be maintained was the focus word for the sentence. In the nonfocused RST, however, the target word was not the focus word for the sentence. The results of both experiments showed that RST span scores were higher for the focused RST than for the nonfocused RST, & intrusion errors were found to increase for the nonfocused RST. In Experiment 2, the effect of focus was compared between high-span & low-span Ss. An effect of sentence length was also investigated. The result showed that low-span Ss were more affected than were high-span Ss by whether the word to be remembered was the focus word. The effect of sentence length was not confirmed. These findings suggest that the low-span Ss had deficits in their ability to establish &/or inhibit mental focus when faced with conflict situations in reading. 1 Table, 3 Figures, 46 References. Adapted from the source document |
Author | OSAKA, Naoyuki KOMORI, Mie NISHIZAKI, Yukiko OSAKA, Mariko |
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Keywords | Human Verbal memory Reading Word Language Interindividual comparison Cognition Memory span Working memory Experimental study |
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Snippet | The effect of focus on working memory was investigated with the reading span test (RST). In two experiments, the span scores and the number of intrusion errors... The effect of focus on working memory was investigated with the reading span test (RST). In two experiments, the span scores & the number of intrusion errors... |
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SubjectTerms | Biological and medical sciences Cognition & reasoning Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Human Humans Language Learning. Memory Memory Production and perception of written language Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Reading Time Factors Vocabulary |
Title | Effect of focus on verbal working memory: Critical role of the focus word in reading |
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