Comparison of the pro-inflammatory potential of monocytes from healthy adults and those with peripheral arterial disease using an in vitro culture model

• Published in: Atherosclerosis Vol. 193; no. 2; pp. 259 - 268
• Main Authors: Luu, N.T, Madden, J, Calder, P.C, Grimble, R.F, Shearman, C.P, Chan, T, Tull, S.P, Dastur, N, Rainger, G.E, Nash, G.B
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.08.2007; Elsevier
• Subjects: Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research); Biological and medical sciences; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cardiovascular; Cells, Cultured; Co-culture; Cytokines - biosynthesis; Diseases of the peripheral vessels. Diseases of the vena cava. Miscellaneous; Endothelial cells; Endothelial Cells - immunology; Humans; Leukocyte adhesion; Medical sciences; Monocytes; Monocytes - immunology; Neutrophil Activation; Neutrophil Infiltration; Peripheral arterial disease; Peripheral Vascular Diseases - immunology; Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - immunology; Umbilical Veins; Peripheral arterial disease; Leukocyte adhesion; Monocytes; Co-culture; Endothelial cells; Atherosclerosis; Suboptimal donor; Cell culture; Endothelial cell; Leukocyte; Conservation; Cardiovascular disease; Hydrocortisone; Glucocorticoid; Arterial disease; Vascular disease; Human; Culture medium; Corticosteroid; Monocyte; Steroid hormone; Antiinflammatory agent; Adrenal hormone; Occlusive arterial disease; Neutrophil; Umbilical vein; Comparative study
• ISSN: 0021-9150; 1879-1484
• DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.08.050

Abstract We adapted a monocyte:endothelial cell co-culture model to investigate the pro-inflammatory potential of monocytes from patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Isolated monocytes were cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) for 24 h, after which the ability of the HUVEC to recruit flowing neutrophils was tested. Development of a usable protocol required comparisons of primary HUVEC with cells that had been passaged and/or frozen and thawed, evaluation of optimal culture media and comparison of monocytes from freshly drawn and stored blood. We found, for instance, that expansion of HUVEC was assisted by inclusion of hydrocortisone, but this agent was withdrawn before the test phase because it reduced responses of HUVEC. Using the optimal practical protocol, we found great variation in the ability of monocytes from different donors to cause neutrophil adhesion. Slightly more (∼20%) monocytes from patients with PAD adhered to HUVEC than monocytes from healthy controls, and the monocytes from PAD patients induced ∼70% greater subsequent adhesion of neutrophils. Thus, we developed a functional model of inflammatory potential usable in clinically-related studies and found that patients with PAD had circulating monocytes with greater than normal ability to activate endothelial cells.