Keratinocyte Response to Infection with Sporothrix schenckii

• Published in: Journal of fungi (Basel) Vol. 8; no. 5; p. 437
• Main Authors: Paredes-Rojas, Araceli, Palma-Ramos, Alejandro, Castrillón-Rivera, Laura Estela, Mendoza-Pérez, Felipe, Navarro-González, María Del Carmen, Arenas-Guzmán, Roberto, Castañeda-Sánchez, Jorge Ismael, Luna-Herrera, Julieta
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23.04.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Actin; Antibodies; Biotechnology; Cell lines; Chemokines; Chronic infection; Conidia; Cytokines; Cytoskeleton; Cytotoxicity; fungal infection; Fungal infections; Fungi; Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; Growth factors; Immunoregulation; Inflammation; innate immunity; Inoculation; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Interleukin 8; Keratinocytes; Laboratories; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Mycosis; Pathogens; Peptides; Sporothrix; Sporothrix schenckii; Sporotrichosis; TLR2 protein; Toll-like receptors; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Yeast; α-Interferon; γ-Interferon; Mexico; Grand Island New York; United States > US; Germany; Sporothrix schenckii; fungal infection; innate immunity; toll-like receptors; cytoskeleton; inflammation; Sporotrichosis; cytokines; keratinocytes
• ISSN: 2309-608X; 2309-608X
• DOI: 10.3390/jof8050437

Sporotrichosis is a subacute, or chronic mycosis caused by traumatic inoculation of material contaminated with the fungus which is part of the spp. complex. The infection is limited to the skin, although its progression to more severe systemic or disseminated forms remains possible. Skin is the tissue that comes into contact with first, and the role of various cell lines has been described with regard to infection control. However, there is little information on the response of keratinocytes. In this study, we used the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and evaluated different aspects of infection from modifications in the cytoskeleton to the expression of molecules of the innate response during infection with conidia and yeast cells of . We found that during infection with both phases of the fungus, alterations of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of membrane protuberances, and loss of stress fibers were induced. We also observed an overexpression of the surface receptors MR, TLR6, CR3 and TLR2. Cytokine analysis showed that both phases of the fungus induced the production of elevated levels of the chemokines MCP-1 and IL-8, and proinflammatory cytokines IFN-α, IFN-γ and IL-6. In contrast, TNF-α production was significant only with conidial infection. In late post-infection, cytokine production was observed with immunoregulatory activity, IL-10, and growth factors, G-CSF and GM-CSF. In conclusion, infection of keratinocytes with conidia and yeast cells of induces an inflammatory response and rearrangements of the cytoskeleton.