Dietary Pattern and Dietary Energy from Fat Associated with Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Chinese People: A Cross-Sectional Study in Three Regions of China

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 12; no. 12; p. 3689
• Main Authors: Li, Cheng, Kang, Bingxian, Zhang, Ting, Gu, Hongru, Song, Pengkun, Chen, Jingyi, Wang, Xile, Xu, Bin, Zhao, Wenhua, Zhang, Jian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.11.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Agaricales; Aged; Amino acids; Animals; Anthropometry; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Body composition; China - epidemiology; Community; community-dwelling older Chinese; Composition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage; dietary fat; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Dietary minerals; dietary pattern; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; Disease control; Disease prevention; Energy; Exercise; Factor analysis; Female; Food; Fruit; Fruits; Gait; Health Behavior; Humans; Independent Living; Investigations; Life Style; Logistic Models; Male; Metabolism; Milk; Musculoskeletal system; Mushrooms; Nutrients; Nutrition Assessment; Nutrition research; Older people; Physical fitness; Protein synthesis; Proteins; Questionnaires; Regions; Sarcopenia; Sarcopenia - epidemiology; Sarcopenia - prevention & control; China; community-dwelling older Chinese; dietary pattern; dietary fat; sarcopenia
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12123689

Associations between dietary patterns (DPs) and sarcopenia remain controversial, and fewer studies have mentioned the relationship between dietary energy composition and sarcopenia. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in three regions of China, to detect the associations between DPs and sarcopenia, and to identify the influencing nutrients. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for DP identification. Logistic regressions were performed to explore the associations between DPs and sarcopenia. Dietary nutrients and dietary energy composition were calculated and compared among different DPs. Three DPs were identified from 861 community-dwelling older people. The "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern was negatively associated with sarcopenia ( = 0.33, 95% = 0.14~0.77, -trend = 0.009). Subjects in the highest quartile of the "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern showed more abundant intake (1.7 g/kg/d) of dietary protein, and lower percentage (31%) of energy from fat (PEF) than the other two DPs. Further analyses indicated that lower PEF (<30%) was negatively associated with sarcopenia. In conclusion, the "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern was negatively associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Chinese people. This pattern showed abundant protein intake and low PEF, which may partially contribute to its protective effect on sarcopenia. Therefore, besides protein, dietary fat and PEF may also be considered in the prevention and management of sarcopenia.