Insights into the Variation in Bioactivities of Closely Related Streptomyces Strains from Marine Sediments of the Visayan Sea against ESKAPE and Ovarian Cancer

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 19; no. 8; p. 441
• Main Authors: Sabido, Edna M, Tenebro, Chuckcris P, Trono, Dana Joanne Von L, Vicera, Carmela Vannette B, Leonida, Sheeny Fane L, Maybay, Jose Jeffrey Wayne B, Reyes-Salarda, Rikka, Amago, Diana S, Aguadera, Angelica Marie V, Octaviano, May C, Saludes, Jonel P, Dalisay, Doralyn S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 31.07.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Actinomycetes; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Anticancer properties; Antimicrobial agents; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Aquatic Organisms; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Biodiversity; Biological activity; Cancer; Cell Line, Tumor - drug effects; chemodiversity; DNA; Drug resistance; Female; Gene clusters; Genomes; Geologic Sediments; Gram-Positive Bacteria - drug effects; Humans; Infectious diseases; Investigations; Islands; Klebsiella; Marine sediments; marine Streptomyces strains; Metabolism; Metabolites; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microorganisms; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Natural products; Neoplasms; nonribosomal peptide synthetase; Nucleotide sequence; Oceans and Seas; Ovarian cancer; Ovarian carcinoma; Ovarian Neoplasms - drug therapy; Ovaries; Pathogens; PCR; Peptides; Philippines; Phylogeny; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Polyketide synthase; Polymerase chain reaction; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; rRNA 16S; Secondary metabolites; Sediment; Sediments; Sequence analysis; Species; Streptomyces; Streptomyces - chemistry; Streptomyces - genetics; Variation; Philippines; nonribosomal peptide synthetase; polyketide synthase; ESKAPE pathogens; metabolomics; antibiotics; chemodiversity; marine sediments; marine Streptomyces strains
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md19080441

Marine sediments host diverse actinomycetes that serve as a source of new natural products to combat infectious diseases and cancer. Here, we report the biodiversity, bioactivities against ESKAPE pathogens ( , , , , , and spp.) and ovarian cancer, and metabolites variation among culturable actinomycetes isolated from the marine sediments of Visayan Sea, Philippines. We identified 15 species based on a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The crude extracts of 10 species have inhibited the growth of ESKAPE pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.312 mg/mL to 20 mg/mL depending on the strain and pathogens targeted. Additionally, ten crude extracts have antiproliferative activity against A2780 human ovarian carcinoma at 2 mg/mL. To highlight, we observed that four phylogenetically identical strains demonstrated variation in antibiotic and anticancer activities. These strains harbored type I and II polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal synthetase (NRPS) genes in their genomes, implying that their bioactivity is independent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-detected bio-synthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in this study. Metabolite profiling revealed that the taxonomically identical strains produced core and strain-specific metabolites. Thus, the chemical diversity among these strains influences the variation observed in their biological activities. This study expanded our knowledge on the potential of marine-derived residing from the unexplored regions of the Visayan Sea as a source of small molecules against ESKAPE pathogens and cancer. It also highlights that species strains produce unique strain-specific secondary metabolites; thus, offering new chemical space for natural product discovery.