Surface Modification of Biodegradable Mg-Based Scaffolds for Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation

• Published in: Materials Vol. 14; no. 2; p. 441
• Main Authors: Wang, Si-Han, Lee, Shiao-Pieng, Yang, Chung-Wei, Lo, Chun-Min
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18.01.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Alloys; Aqueous solutions; Biocompatibility; Biodegradability; biodegradation; Biomedical materials; bone tissue engineering; Bones; Cell adhesion & migration; Corrosion resistance; Crystal structure; Crystallites; Culture; Differentiation (biology); Fluorine; fluorohydroxyapatite; human mesenchymal stem cell; Hydroxyapatite; Magnesium; Magnesium base alloys; Mechanical properties; Metabolism; Physiology; Protective coatings; Regeneration (physiology); Scaffolds; Skin & tissue grafts; Stem cells; Substitute bone; Surgical implants; Tissue engineering; biodegradation; magnesium; fluorohydroxyapatite; bone tissue engineering; human mesenchymal stem cell
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma14020441

Magnesium alloys with coatings have the potential to be used for bone substitute alternatives since their mechanical properties are close to those of human bone. However, the surface modification of magnesium alloys to increase the surface biocompatibility and reduce the degradation rate remains a challenge. Here, FHA-Mg scaffolds were made of magnesium alloys and coated with fluorohydroxyapatite (FHA). Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on FHA-Mg scaffolds and cell viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation were investigated. The results showed that FHA-Mg scaffolds display a nano-scaled needle-like structure of aggregated crystallites on their surface. The average Mg concentration in the conditioned media collected from FHA-Mg scaffolds (5.8-7.6 mM) is much lower than those collected from uncoated, Mg(OH) -coated, and hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated samples (32.1, 17.7, and 21.1 mM, respectively). In addition, compared with hMSCs cultured on a culture dish, cells cultured on FHA-Mg scaffolds demonstrated better proliferation and comparable osteogenic differentiation. To eliminate the effect of osteogenic induction medium, hMSCs were cultured on FHA-Mg scaffolds in culture medium and an approximate 66% increase in osteogenic differentiation was observed three weeks later, indicating a significant effect of the nanostructured surface of FHA-Mg scaffolds on hMSC behaviors. With controllable Mg release and favorable mechanical properties, porous FHA-Mg scaffolds have a great potential in cell-based bone regeneration.